ArticleDiabetes2020
Hybrid Insulin Peptides Are Recognized by Human T Cells in the Context of DRB1*04:01.
Article in Diabetes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Sequence: Posttranslational Remodeling of Antigens in Autoimmunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Antigen-specific immunotherapy with a CD4Nature communications · 2026Article
- Is the NOD mouse a good model for type 1 diabetes?Diabetologia · 2026Review
- A multi-level machine learning pipeline for prediction and prioritization of hybrid insulin peptides in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunopeptidomics for autoimmunity: unlocking the chamber of immune secrets.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Review
- Proinsulin C-peptide is a major source of HLA-DQ8 restricted hybrid insulin peptides recognized by human islet-infiltrating CD4PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Advancing Animal Models of Human Type 1 Diabetes.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- HLA-DQB1*05 subtypes and not DRB1*10:01 mediates risk in anti-IgLON5 disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- CD4+ T Cells From Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Respond to a Novel Class of Deamidated Peptides Formed in Pancreatic Islets.Diabetes · 2024Article
- An Insulin-Chromogranin A Hybrid Peptide Activates DR11-Restricted T Cells in Human Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2024Article
- Protein degradation by human 20S proteasomes elucidates the interplay between peptide hydrolysis and splicing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Mapping of a hybrid insulin peptide in the inflamed islet β-cells from NOD mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Antigen-specific T cell responses in autoimmune diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Fifty years of HLA-associated type 1 diabetes risk: history, current knowledge, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The beta cell-immune cell interface in type 1 diabetes (T1D).Molecular metabolism · 2023Review
- Understanding Islet Autoantibodies in Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Review
- Islet autoimmunity in human type 1 diabetes: initiation and progression from the perspective of the beta cell.Diabetologia · 2023Review
- MHC Class II Presentation in Autoimmunity.Cells · 2023Review
- Autoantibody and T cell responses to oxidative post-translationally modified insulin neoantigenic peptides in type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T cells isolated from the pancreatic infiltrates of nonobese diabetic mice have been shown to recognize epitopes formed by the covalent cross-linking of proinsulin and secretory granule peptides. Formation of such hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) was confirmed through mass spectrometry, and responses to HIPs were observed among the islet-infiltrating T cells of pancreatic organ donors and in the peripheral blood of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, questions remain about the prevalence of HIP-specific T cells in humans, the sequences they recognize, and their role in disease. We identified six novel HIPs that are recognized in the context of DRB1*04:01, discovered by using a library of theoretical HIP sequences derived from insulin fragments covalently linked to one another or to fragments of secretory granule proteins or other islet-derived proteins. We demonstrate that T cells that recognize these HIPs are detectable in the peripheral blood of subjects with T1D and exhibit an effector memory phenotype. HIP-reactive T-cell clones produced Th1-associated cytokines and proliferated in response to human islet preparations. These results support the relevance of HIPs in human disease, further establishing a novel posttranslational modification that may contribute to the loss of peripheral tolerance in T1D.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.