ReviewJournal of autoimmunity2020
Can we use interleukin-6 (IL-6) blockade for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS)?
Review in Journal of autoimmunity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 438 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nebulized Heparin vs. Placebo for the Treatment of COVID-19 Induced Lung Injury
Tocilizumab: A Therapeutic Cache Against the Treatment of Severe Cases of COVID-19
INHALEd Unfractionated HEParin for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia
Who cites it
438 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 776 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of subcutaneous vs. intravenous tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab and baricitinib among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Increased risk for thromboembolic events from combination of a gynecologic malignancy with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2022Pooled it
- Acute estradiol and progesterone therapy in hospitalized adults to reduce COVID-19 severity: a randomized control trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Investigating the Short-Term Changes of the Electrocardiogram Indicators During Hospitalization in Patients With COVID-19 Following the Use of Tocilizumab.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2026Article
- The Combination of Nirmatrelvir and Ivermectin Exerts Strongly Synergistic Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Against Murine Coronavirus Infection of Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Risk factors analysis of poor prognosis in ICU-admitted children with severe influenza pneumonia: a retrospective case-control study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- The dynamic interplay of M1/M2-like macrophages and adenosine deaminase activity modulates COVID-19 severity.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Identification of effective synthetic molecules against viral-induced cytokine release syndrome using in silico and in vitro approaches.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- Tracking inflammation status for improving patient prognosis: A review of current methods, unmet clinical needs and opportunities.Biotechnology advances · 2025Review
- Network Pharmacology and Experiment Verification-Based Strategy for Exploring the Mechanisms of Shuqing Granule in the Treatment of COVID-19.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Host-Virus Interface in Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infections: Viral Characteristic Evolution and Gene Expression Profiling Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- A meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of immunomodulators in the treatment of severe COVID-19.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- The Role of Vitamins, Magnesium, and Trace Elements in COVID-19 Treatment and Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation: An Updated Overview.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- From Lab to Clinic: Success Stories of Repurposed Drugs in Treating Major Diseases.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Interaction of vaginal microbiota and biomarkers in Premature rupture of membranes: from bench to beside.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clinical Features of COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Article
- Hypophysitis after COVID-19 vaccination in a patient with Rathke's cleft cyst: A case report.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Article
378 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiorgan dysfunction are among the leading causes of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The elevated inflammatory cytokines suggest that a cytokine storm, also known as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), may play a major role in the pathology of COVID-19. However, the efficacy of corticosteroids, commonly utilized antiinflammatory agents, to treat COVID-19-induced CRS is controversial. There is an urgent need for novel therapies to treat COVID-19-induced CRS. Here, we discuss the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-induced CRS, compare the CRS in COVID-19 with that in SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and summarize the existing therapies for CRS. We propose to utilize interleukin-6 (IL-6) blockade to manage COVID-19-induced CRS and discuss several factors that should be taken into consideration for its clinical application.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.