ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2020
Extreme Genomic CpG Deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and Evasion of Host Antiviral Defense.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.
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91 citing papers in PubMed, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Synergistic antiviral effects of structure-guided peptides and a mutagenic base analog on SARS-CoV-2 replication.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Deciphering 6-mer Spectra Distribution Rules in Coronavirus Genomes: Application to Comparative Genomic Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lycorine Derivative Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Reducing -1 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting via Targeting ZAP.MedComm · 2026Article
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- The GC% landscape of the Nucleocytoviricota.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- How Trustworthy Are the Genomic Sequences of SARS-CoV-2 in GenBank?Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Differential Selection for Translation Efficiency Shapes Translation Machineries in Bacterial Species.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 within-host diversity of human hosts and its implications for viral immune evasion.mBio · 2023Article
- Risk Assessment of the Possible Intermediate Host Role of Pigs for Coronaviruses with a Deep Learning Predictor.Viruses · 2023Article
- A SARS-CoV-2: Companion Animal Transmission and Variants Classification.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Research on the Ethology and Diet of the Stray Dog Population in the Areas Bordering the Municipality of Suceava, Romania.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Pet Ownership in Aotearoa New Zealand: A National Survey of Cat and Dog Owner Practices.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Molecular transition of SARS-CoV-2 from critical patients during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Were metabolic and other chronic diseases the driven onset epidemic forces of COVID-19 in Mexico?Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Genomic representation predicts an asymptotic host adaptation of bat coronaviruses using deep learning.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Selective Depletion of ZAP-Binding CpG Motifs in HCV Evolution.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prediction of Recurrent Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Using Artificial Neural Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Wild mammalian species, including bats, constitute the natural reservoir of betacoronavirus (including SARS, MERS, and the deadly SARS-CoV-2). Different hosts or host tissues provide different cellular environments, especially different antiviral and RNA modification activities that can alter RNA modification signatures observed in the viral RNA genome. The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) binds specifically to CpG dinucleotides and recruits other proteins to degrade a variety of viral RNA genomes. Many mammalian RNA viruses have evolved CpG deficiency. Increasing CpG dinucleotides in these low-CpG viral genomes in the presence of ZAP consistently leads to decreased viral replication and virulence. Because ZAP exhibits tissue-specific expression, viruses infecting different tissues are expected to have different CpG signatures, suggesting a means to identify viral tissue-switching events. The author shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the most extreme CpG deficiency in all known betacoronavirus genomes. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may have evolved in a new host (or new host tissue) with high ZAP expression. A survey of CpG deficiency in viral genomes identified a virulent canine coronavirus (alphacoronavirus) as possessing the most extreme CpG deficiency, comparable with that observed in SARS-CoV-2. This suggests that the canine tissue infected by the canine coronavirus may provide a cellular environment strongly selecting against CpG. Thus, viral surveys focused on decreasing CpG in viral RNA genomes may provide important clues about the selective environments and viral defenses in the original hosts.
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