Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32286297›Full record

ArticleNature communications2020

Re-definition of claudin-low as a breast cancer phenotype.

Christian Fougner, Helga Bergholtz, Jens Henrik Norum, Therese Sørlie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. CK8/18 and Claudin Profile of Female Breast Cancers from Botswana.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. A gene-expression signature defines a subtype of Stomach Adenocarcinomas with low levels of Claudins and a high ratio of NF-YA long/NF-YA short splicing variants.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Cancers · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Christian FougnerDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-7803
Helga BergholtzDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-1106
Jens Henrik NorumDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7154
Therese SørlieDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. therese.sorlie@rr-research.no.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The claudin-low breast cancer subtype is defined by gene expression characteristics and encompasses a remarkably diverse range of breast tumors. Here, we investigate genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical features of claudin-low breast tumors. We show that claudin-low is not simply a subtype analogous to the intrinsic subtypes (basal-like, HER2-enriched, luminal A, luminal B and normal-like) as previously portrayed, but is a complex additional phenotype which may permeate breast tumors of various intrinsic subtypes. Claudin-low tumors are distinguished by low genomic instability, mutational burden and proliferation levels, and high levels of immune and stromal cell infiltration. In other aspects, claudin-low tumors reflect characteristics of their intrinsic subtype. Finally, we explore an alternative method for identifying claudin-low tumors and thereby uncover potential weaknesses in the established claudin-low classifier. In sum, these findings elucidate the heterogeneity in claudin-low breast tumors, and substantiate a re-definition of claudin-low as a cancer phenotype.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsClaudinsFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansTranscriptomeBiomarkers, TumorClaudins

Identifiers

PMID32286297
PMCPMC7156396

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.