ArticleMultiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinical
Evaluation of the 'ring sign' and the 'core sign' as a magnetic resonance imaging marker of disease activity and progression in clinically isolated syndrome and early multiple sclerosis.
Article in Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinical. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis and implications for cognitive and clinical progression: a systematic review of advanced neuroimaging studies.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between chronic active lesions and clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Clinical integration of brain and cord MRI features improves differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Paramagnetic rim lesion formation is predicted by the initial gadolinium-enhancing lesion diameter.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Soma and neurite density abnormalities of paramagnetic rim lesions and core-sign lesions in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Imaging chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: a consensus statement.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Review
- New Imaging Markers in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: Smoldering Inflammation and the Central Vein Sign.Neuroimaging clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Paramagnetic rim lesions predict greater long-term relapse rates and clinical progression over 10 years.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- Chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: classification, terminology, and clinical significance.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Review
- A future of AI-driven personalized care for people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Susceptibility-based imaging aids accurate distinction of pediatric-onset MS from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Paramagnetic rim lesions lead to pronounced diffuse periplaque white matter damage in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Recent progress in epidemiology, clinical features, and therapy of multiple sclerosis in China.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2023Review
- Longitudinal clinical study of patients with iron rim lesions in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Article
- Paramagnetic rim lesions are associated with pathogenic CSF profiles and worse clinical status in multiple sclerosis: A retrospective cross-sectional study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Article
- Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis: Comparison of Visualization at 1.5-T and 3-T MRI.AJR. American journal of roentgenology · 2022Article
- Smoldering lesions in MS: if you like it then you should put a rim on it.Neuroradiology · 2022Article
- SWI as an Alternative to Contrast-Enhanced Imaging to Detect Acute MS Lesions.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain lesions with a hypointense ring or core were described in multiple sclerosis on susceptibility weighted imaging.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to study the evolution and prognostic relevance of susceptibility weighted imaging hypointense lesions in clinically isolated syndrome and early multiple sclerosis.
methodsSixty-six early multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome patients were followed over a median period of 2.9 years (range 1.6-4.6 years) and underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging including 3D susceptibility weighted imaging and T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. We assessed the presence of susceptibility weighted imaging hypointense core or ring lesions, and Expanded Disability Status Scale at baseline and follow-up.
resultsOf 611 lesions at baseline, 64 (10.5%) had a susceptibility weighted imaging hypointense core, and 28 (4.6%) had a susceptibility weighted imaging hypointense ring. Hypointense ring lesions were larger (
conclusionIn our cohort of patients with clinically isolated syndrome or early multiple sclerosis, susceptibility weighted imaging hypointense ring lesions were only rarely detectable, but did not shrink and were associated with future disability progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.