ArticleNature medicine2020
CTLA-4 and PD-1 dual blockade induces SIV reactivation without control of rebound after antiretroviral therapy interruption.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Nature medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression Profile and Biological Role of Immune Checkpoints in Disease Progression of HIV/SIV Infection.Viruses · 2022Pooled it
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Anti-PD-1 and Anti-CTLA-4 on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Reservoir in People Living With HIV With Cancer on Antiretroviral Therapy: The AIDS Malignancy Consortium 095 Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Metal-organic framework nanovaccines for systemic tumour regression.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines as Antigen-Agnostic Immunomodulators: A Repurposing Perspective.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Phenotypic analysis of productively SIV-infected cells in blood and lymphoid tissues of rhesus macaques.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Renaissance of antiviral CD8Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Dual Blockade of LILRB1 and LILRB2 Enhances Antiviral Immune Responses in SIV Infection.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Limited Sex-Based Differences in Viral Outcomes of ART-Treated SIV/SHIV Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- TGF-β mediates epigenetic control of innate antiviral responses and SIV reservoir size.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Intranasal Delivery of HIV/SIV Antigens with NE/AS01B Adjuvants Enhances Cellular Immunity and Reduces Viral Loads in SHIV-Challenged Macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- IBA-1Research square · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of genomic and immune differences between primary and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma for precision oncology.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Nanocarrier-based immunotherapy for viral diseases.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Transient tissue residency and lymphatic egress define human CD56Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Bibliometric analysis of immune dysregulation and immunotherapy in mismatch repair-deficient colon cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Understanding the HIV-specific T-cell response to immune checkpoint blockade: what can we learn from cancer immunotherapy?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Novel insights into immune checkpoints in HIV/SHIV infection: from SHIVJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Immunorecovered but Exhausted: Persistent PD-1/PD-L1 Expression Despite Virologic Suppression and CD4 Recovery in PLWH.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Modeling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) latency in primary rhesus macaque CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Justin HarperDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6948-3501
Shari GordonHIV Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Chi Ngai ChanVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Hong WangDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Emily LindemuthPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Cristin GalardiUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Shane D FalcinelliUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-226X
Samuel L M RainesUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Jenna L ReadUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Kevin NguyenDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Colleen S McGaryDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Michael NekorchukVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Kathleen Busman-SahayVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
James SchawalderUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Colin KingDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Maria PinoDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Luca MicciDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Barbara CervasiDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sherrie JeanDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Andrew SandersonBiopharm Innovation, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK.
Brian JohnsHIV Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
A Alicia KoblanskyUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Heather Amrine-MadsenUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Jeffrey LifsonAIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
David M MargolisUNC HIV Cure Center and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5714-0002
Guido SilvestriDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Katharine J BarPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
David FavreHIV Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-114X
Jacob D EstesVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Mirko PaiardiniDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. mirko.paiardini@emory.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-3600
Emory University · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research · USGlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom) · GBOregon National Primate Research Center · US
Funding
Upgrade of confocal microscopy at the Oregon National Primate Research CenterP51OD011092 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Bonnie J. Nagel · 2012 to 2026
$203.9MYerkes National Primate Research Center Role of type-I IFN in regulating COVID-19 induced inflammation and pathogenesisP51OD011132 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Joon Sup Lee · 2012 to 2026
$167.0MVirology and Molecular Biomarkers CoreP30AI050409 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Ann M Chahroudi, Colleen F Kelley · 2002 to 2026
$74.0MB and T Cell Biology of Protection from and Eradication of SIV/SHIV Infection - Administrative SupplementUM1AI124436 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI AMARA, RAMA RAO, HUNTER, ERIC · 2016 to 2021
$42.3MCollaboratory of AIDS Researchers for Eradication (CARE)UM1AI126619 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MARGOLIS, DAVID M. · 2016 to 2020
$23.2MImmune based interventions for HIV eradicationR01AI116379 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI PAIARDINI, MIRKO · 2015 to 2019
$4.2MTargeting Cytolytic Cells to Lymphoid Sites of HIV Persistence.R33AI116171 · NIAID · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LEDERMAN, MICHAEL MARCEL, PAIARDINI, MIRKO · 2016 to 2018
$1.5MTargeting Cytolytic Cells to Lymphoid Sites of HIV Persistence.R21AI116171 · NIAID · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LEDERMAN, MICHAEL MARCEL, PAIARDINI, MIRKO · 2014 to 2015
$497kSlide Scanner for the ONPRC Imaging and Morphology CoreS10OD025002 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI SRINIVASAN, SATHYA · 2018 to 2018
$146kCCR NIH HHS HHSN261200800001CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261200800001ENIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050409NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116379NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI116171NIAID NIH HHS R33 AI116171NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI124436NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI126619NIH HHS P51 OD011092NIH HHS P51 OD011132NIH HHS S10 OD025002
Abstract
The primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir is composed of resting memory CD4
Indexed as
AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAnti-Retroviral AgentsCTLA-4 AntigenMacaca mulattaMaleProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorSimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSimian Immunodeficiency VirusViral LoadViremiaVirus ActivationVirus ReplicationWithholding TreatmentAntibodies, MonoclonalAnti-Retroviral AgentsCTLA-4 AntigenProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptor
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.