ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Evolution of male pregnancy associated with remodeling of canonical vertebrate immunity in seahorses and pipefishes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Genomic Screening Identifies Developmental Constraint Loci Underscoring the Phenotypic Evolution of Syngnathids.Integrative zoology · 2026Article
- Loss of Major Histocompatibility Complex I and II Function in the Genome of Glacier Lanternfish Provides Insight Into Evolution of Vertebrate Immune Systems.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal microbiota of sympatric pipefish (Syngnathus typhle) and stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) indicate trade-off associated with evolutionary stomach loss.BMC ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- TLR25 is endosomally located and responds toFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of seahorse male pregnancy.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Signatures and likely sources of the male pregnancy microbiome in wild bay pipefish (Syngnathus leptorhynchus).Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Symbiosis with and mimicry of corals were facilitated by immune gene loss and body remodeling in the pygmy seahorse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Intron turnover of slc26a1 and slc26a2 and convergence of intron insertion sites.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sexual Selection on Non-Ornamental Traits Is Underpinned by Evidence of Genetic Constraints on Sex-Biased Expression in Dusky Pipefish.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Evaluating Bacteriophage Impact on Vibrio Composition in the Gut of Broad-Nosed Pipefish (Syngnathus typhle).Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Chromosomal Inversions Mediated by Tandem Insertions of Transposable Elements.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Sexual Antagonism and Sex Determination in Three Syngnathid Species Alongside a Male Pregnancy Gradient.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Article
- Understanding vertebrate immunity through comparative immunology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Parent-Specific Transgenerational Immune Priming Enhances Offspring Defense-Unless Heat Stress Negates It All.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- The Atlantic Cod MHC I compartment has the properties needed for cross-presentation in the absence of MHC II.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Shotgun Metagenomics Reveals Taxonomic and Functional Patterns of the Microbiome Associated with Barbour's Seahorse (Hippocampus barbouri).Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Extant and extinct bilby genomes combined with Indigenous knowledge improve conservation of a unique Australian marsupial.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
- Navigating sex and sex roles: deciphering sex-biased gene expression in a species with sex-role reversal (Royal Society open science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A fundamental problem for the evolution of pregnancy, the most specialized form of parental investment among vertebrates, is the rejection of the nonself-embryo. Mammals achieve immunological tolerance by down-regulating both major histocompatibility complex pathways (MHC I and II). Although pregnancy has evolved multiple times independently among vertebrates, knowledge of associated immune system adjustments is restricted to mammals. All of them (except monotremata) display full internal pregnancy, making evolutionary reconstructions within the class mammalia meaningless. Here, we study the seahorse and pipefish family (syngnathids) that have evolved male pregnancy across a gradient from external oviparity to internal gestation. We assess how immunological tolerance is achieved by reconstruction of the immune gene repertoire in a comprehensive sample of 12 seahorse and pipefish genomes along the "male pregnancy" gradient together with expression patterns of key immune and pregnancy genes in reproductive tissues. We found that the evolution of pregnancy coincided with a modification of the adaptive immune system. Divergent genomic rearrangements of the MHC II pathway among fully pregnant species were identified in both genera of the syngnathids: The pipefishes (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.