ReviewCancers2020
Natural Killer Cell Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prognostic Value of Natural Killer Cells and Their Receptors/Ligands in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- The dual roles of natural killer cells in liver immunity and tolerance: Implications for health and disease.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- Pre-Transplant Natural Killer Cell Activity Predicts Survival and Tumor Recurrence After Living Donor Liver Transplantation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Expanded adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells exhibit potent ADCC and functional responses against HBV-infected hepatoma cell lines.Cytotherapy · 2026Article
- Single-Cell Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization Reveal T Cell Nuclear Factor Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.Human mutation · 2026Article
- Assessment of the main signaling pathways involved in the combined therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma using Sorafenib and NK cells in xenograft mice model.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Natural killer cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Immune cell phenotypes as causal factors in liver disease progression revealed by Mendelian randomization.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Liver Cirrhosis Treated with DAA: A Focused Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Antitumor effects of natural killer cells derived from gene-engineered human-induced pluripotent stem cells on hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Exploration of the role of immune cells and cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Disruption of TGF-β signaling pathway is required to mediate effective killing of hepatocellular carcinoma by human iPSC-derived NK cells.Cell stem cell · 2024Article
- Review
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and prospectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights into Regulatory Mechanisms, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Potential.Cancer management and research · 2024Review
- Pinpointing the integration of artificial intelligence in liver cancer immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Natural killer cells modified with a Gpc3 aptamer enhance adoptive immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still represents a significant complication of chronic liver disease, particularly when cirrhosis ensues. Current treatment options include surgery, loco-regional procedures and chemotherapy, according to specific clinical practice guidelines. Immunotherapy with check-point inhibitors, aimed at rescuing T-cells from exhaustion, has been applied as second-line therapy with limited and variable success. Natural killer (NK) cells are an essential component of innate immunity against cancer and changes in phenotype and function have been described in patients with HCC, who also show perturbations of NK activating receptor/ligand axes. Here we discuss the current status of NK cell treatment of HCC on the basis of existing evidence and ongoing clinical trials on adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells ex vivo or after activation with cytokines such as IL-15 and use of antibodies to target cell-expressed molecules to promote antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). To this end, bi-, tri- and tetra-specific killer cell engagers are being devised to improve NK cell recognition of tumor cells, circumventing tumor immune escape and efficiently targeting NK cells to tumors. Moreover, the exciting technique of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells offers unique opportunities to create CAR-NK with multiple specificities along the experience gained with CAR-T cells with potentially less adverse effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.