SynthesisThe Journal of infection2020
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in The Journal of infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 555 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Mortality Rates in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Populations Treated With Repurposed Medications
Dynamics of Hemostatic Parameters in COVID-19 and Comparison of Intervention Strategies Through Adaptive Clinical Trial
Anakinra in Adults With Severe COVID-19 and Features of Cytokine Storm Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Wide Scale Monitoring for Acute Respiratory Infection Using a Mobile-Based Study Platform
Digital Physiotherapy Practice in Long Covid-19 Patients to Improve Functional Capacity and Quality of Life.
Who cites it
555 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Definition and measurement of post-COVID-19 conditions in real-world practice: a global systematic literature review.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with COVID-19: case series and systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Extrapulmonary manifestations and complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection: a systematic review.Singapore medical journal · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapy for COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients in the First Year of Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biological research for nursing · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of fluid and drinking on pneumonia mortality in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Pooled it
- A Portrait of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Accumulating Impact of Smoking and Co-morbidities on Severity and Mortality of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current genomics · 2021Pooled it
- Risk of incident tuberculosis after severe COVID-19: a nationwide cohort study.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Causal and shared genetic insights into severe COVID-19 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.iScience · 2026Article
- Admission Electrolyte Abnormalities and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Prophylactic Effect of Bromhexine Hydrochloride.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- ACE/ACE2 axis in cardiovascular disease and COVID-19: Molecular insights and therapeutic perspectives.Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2026Review
- Comparative study of COVID-19 patients admitted during the first and second waves in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India: a retrospective observational study.Sudanese journal of paediatrics · 2026Article
- Potential relationships between circulating gene expression ofJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Article
- Feasibility, utility, usability and acceptance of a multimodal telemonitoring for COVID-19 patients in general practitioners practices in Germany: a mixed methods study with patients.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- A Machine Learning Approach to Understanding the Genetic Role in COVID-19 Prognosis: The Influence of Gene Polymorphisms Related to Inflammation, Vitamin D, andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
495 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo better inform efforts to treat and control the current outbreak with a comprehensive characterization of COVID-19.
methodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI (Chinese Database) for studies published as of March 2, 2020, and we searched references of identified articles. Studies were reviewed for methodological quality. A random-effects model was used to pool results. Heterogeneity was assessed using I
results43 studies involving 3600 patients were included. Among COVID-19 patients, fever (83.3% [95% CI 78.4-87.7]), cough (60.3% [54.2-66.3]), and fatigue (38.0% [29.8-46.5]) were the most common clinical symptoms. The most common laboratory abnormalities were elevated C-reactive protein (68.6% [58.2-78.2]), decreased lymphocyte count (57.4% [44.8-69.5]) and increased lactate dehydrogenase (51.6% [31.4-71.6]). Ground-glass opacities (80.0% [67.3-90.4]) and bilateral pneumonia (73.2% [63.4-82.1]) were the most frequently reported findings on computed tomography. The overall estimated proportion of severe cases and case-fatality rate (CFR) was 25.6% (17.4-34.9) and 3.6% (1.1-7.2), respectively. CFR and laboratory abnormalities were higher in severe cases, patients from Wuhan, and older patients, but CFR did not differ by gender.
conclusionsThe majority of COVID-19 cases are symptomatic with a moderate CFR. Patients living in Wuhan, older patients, and those with medical comorbidities tend to have more severe clinical symptoms and higher CFR.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.