Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32282185›Full record

ArticleACS nano2020

Endocytosis of Extracellular Vesicles and Release of Their Cargo from Endosomes.

Bhagyashree S Joshi, Marit A de Beer, Ben N G Giepmans, Inge S Zuhorn

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 346 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
346citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
23.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

346 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 546 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Novel Reporter Mouse for Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Enrichment of Cargo at Neuronal Mitochondria.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  3. RNA therapeutics: current status and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
  4. Investigating Dietary microRNA Stability and Function Using a Transgenic Milk Model With Unique microRNA Sequences.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
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286 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bhagyashree S JoshiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9551-8640
Marit A de BeerDepartment of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0630-4182
Ben N G GiepmansDepartment of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5105-5915
Inge S ZuhornDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7695-915X
University Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, can mediate long-distance communication between cells by delivering biomolecular cargo. It is speculated that EVs undergo back-fusion at multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in recipient cells to release their functional cargo. However, direct evidence is lacking. Tracing the cellular uptake of EVs with high resolution as well as acquiring direct evidence for the release of EV cargo is challenging mainly because of technical limitations. Here, we developed an analytical methodology, combining state-of-the-art molecular tools and correlative light and electron microscopy, to identify the intracellular site for EV cargo release. GFP was loaded inside EVs through the expression of GFP-CD63, a fusion of GFP to the cytosolic tail of CD63, in EV producer cells. In addition, we genetically engineered a cell line which expresses anti-GFP fluobody that specifically recognizes the EV cargo (GFP). Incubation of anti-GFP fluobody-expressing cells with GFP-CD63 EVs resulted in the formation of fluobody punctae, designating cytosolic exposure of GFP. Endosomal damage was not observed in EV acceptor cells. Ultrastructural analysis of the underlying structures at GFP/fluobody double-positive punctae demonstrated that EV cargo release occurs from endosomes/lysosomes. Finally, we show that neutralization of endosomal pH and cholesterol accumulation in endosomes leads to blockage of EV cargo exposure. In conclusion, we report that a fraction of internalized EVs fuse with the limiting membrane of endosomes/lysosomes in an acidification-dependent manner, which results in EV cargo exposure to the cell cytosol.

Indexed as

ExosomesExtracellular VesiclesEndocytosisEndosomesHEK293 CellsHumanscargo deliverycorrelative microscopyendosomal escapeendosomesextracellular vesiclesnanobody

Identifiers

PMID32282185
PMCPMC7199215
OpenAlexW3016202297

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.