ArticlePeerJ2020
Look out: an exploratory study assessing how gaze (eye angle and head angle) and gait speed are influenced by surface complexity.
Article in PeerJ, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Downward gazing behavior after stroke can enhance postural control even in the absence of visual input.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- On utilizing gaze behavior to predict movement transitions during natural human walking on different terrains.PloS one · 2025Article
- Real-world visual search goes beyond eye movements: Active searchers select 3D scene viewpoints too.PloS one · 2025Article
- The interplay between motor cost and self-efficacy related to walking across terrain in gaze and walking decisions.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Multi-Modal Gait Database of Natural Everyday-Walk in an Urban Environment.Scientific data · 2022Article
- Looking for Image Statistics: Active Vision With Avatars in a Naturalistic Virtual Environment.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Adapting the coordination of eyes and head to differences in task and environment during fully-mobile visual exploration.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost research investigating the connection between walking and visual behaviour has assessed only eye movements (not head orientation) in respect to locomotion over smooth surfaces in a laboratory. This is unlikely to reflect gaze changes found over the complex surfaces experienced in the real world, especially given that eye and head movements have rarely been assessed simultaneously. RESEARCH QUESTION: How does gaze (eye and head) angle and gait speed change when walking over surfaces of different complexity?
methodsIn this exploratory study, we used a mobile eye tracker to monitor eye movements and inertia measurement unit sensors (IMUs) to measure head angle whilst subjects (
resultsOverall, mean gaze angle was lowest over the most complex surface and this surface also elicited the slowest mean gait speed. The head contributed increasingly to the lowering of gaze with increased surface complexity. Less complex surfaces showed no significant difference between gaze and gait behaviour. SIGNIFICANCE: This study supports previous research showing that increased surface complexity is an important factor in determining gaze and gait behaviour. Moreover, it provides the novel finding that head movements provide important contributions to gaze location. Our future research aims are to further assess the role of the head in determining gaze location during locomotion across a greater range of complex surfaces to determine the key surface characteristics that influence gaze during gait.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.