ReviewProgress in cardiovascular diseases
What do we know about the role of lipoprotein(a) in atherogenesis 57 years after its discovery?
Review in Progress in cardiovascular diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Nomogram prediction model for factors associated with vascular plaques in a physical examination population].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- 2024: The year in cardiovascular disease - the year of lipoprotein(a). Research advances and new findings.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Article
- Lipoprotein (a)-Related Inflammatory Imbalance: A Novel Horizon for the Development of Atherosclerosis.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Aortic Valve Calcium Score: Applications in Clinical Practice and Scientific Research-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Independent Relationship of Lipoprotein(a) and Carotid Atherosclerosis With Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Dyslipidaemia management in pregnant patients: a 2024 update.European heart journal open · 2024Review
- Predictive model and risk analysis for peripheral vascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using machine learning and shapley additive explanation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Lipoprotein(a) and its impact on cardiovascular disease - the Polish perspective: design and first results of the Zabrze-Lipoprotein(a) Registry.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients in non-metropolitan areas of Brandenburg, Germany.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Association between Lp(a) and T2D: a Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Recommendations of the Experts of the Polish Cardiac Society (PCS) and the Polish Lipid Association (PoLA) on the diagnosis and management of elevated lipoprotein(a) levels.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- The Anti-Thrombotic Effects of PCSK9 Inhibitors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Lipoprotein(a) is associated with a larger systemic burden of arterial calcification.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2023Article
- Association between lipoprotein(a) and peripheral arterial disease in coronary artery bypass grafting patients.Clinical cardiology · 2023Article
- A look to the past - what has had the biggest impact on lipids in the last four decades? A personal perspective.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
- Lipoprotein(a) in an adult sample from the Russian population: distribution and association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
- Targeted Treatment against Lipoprotein (a): The Coming Breakthrough in Lipid Lowering Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Lipoprotein(a) during COVID-19 hospitalization: Thrombosis, inflammation, and mortality.Atherosclerosis · 2022Article
- The role of inflammation and the possibilities of inflammation reduction to prevent cardiovascular events.European heart journal open · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elevated circulating concentrations of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is strongly associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and degenerative aortic stenosis. This relationship was first observed in prospective observational studies, and the causal relationship was confirmed in genetic studies. Everybody should have their Lp(a) concentration measured once in their lifetime. CVD risk is elevated when Lp(a) concentrations are high i.e. > 50 mg/dL (≥100 mmol/L). Extremely high Lp(a) levels >180 mg/dL (≥430 mmol/L) are associated with CVD risk similar to that conferred by familial hypercholesterolemia. Elevated Lp(a) level was previously treated with niacin, which exerts a potent Lp(a)-lowering effect. However, niacin is currently not recommended because, despite the improvement in lipid profile, no improvements on clinical outcomes have been observed. Furthermore, niacin use has been associated with severe adverse effects. Post hoc analyses of clinical trials with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have shown that these drugs exert clinical benefits by lowering Lp(a), independent of their potent reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). It is not yet known whether PCSK9 inhibitors will be of clinical use in patients with elevated Lp(a). Apheresis is a very effective approach to Lp(a) reduction, which reduces CVD risk but is invasive and time-consuming and is thus reserved for patients with very high Lp(a) levels and progressive CVD. Studies are ongoing on the practical application of genetic approaches to therapy, including antisense oligonucleotides against apolipoprotein(a) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, to reduce the synthesis of Lp(a).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.