ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2020
Resistance to lean mass gain in constitutional thinness in free-living conditions is not overpassed by overfeeding.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Underweight but not underfat: is fat-free mass a key factor in constitutionally thin women?European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Is constitutional thinness really different from anorexia nervosa? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Proteomics reveals unique plasma signatures in constitutional thinness.Proteomics. Clinical applications · 2022Trial
- Circadian profiles of free plasma metanephrines in anorexia nervosa and constitutional thinness.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Constitutional thinness might be characterized by physiologically adapted and not impaired muscle function and architecture: new results from the NUTRILEAN study.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Similar maximal aerobic capacity but lower energy efficiency during low-to-moderate exercise in women with constitutional thinness: new results from the NUTRILEAN study.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Challenges of considering both extremities of the weight status spectrum to better understand obesity: insights from the NUTRILEAN project in constitutionally thin individuals.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Article
- Physiological protection against weight gain: evidence from overfeeding studies and future directions.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Obesity, but not high-fat diet, is associated with bone loss that is reversed via CD4NPJ science of food · 2023Article
- New Insights on Bone Tissue and Structural Muscle-Bone Unit in Constitutional Thinness.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Resistance to lean mass gain in constitutional thinness in free-living conditions is not overpassed by overfeeding.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConstitutional thinness (CT), a non-malnourished underweight state with no eating disorders, is characterized by weight gain resistance to high fat diet. Data issued from muscle biopsies suggested blunted anabolic mechanisms in free-living state. Weight and metabolic responses to protein caloric supplementation has not been yet explored in CT.
methodsA 2 week overfeeding (additional 600 kcal, 30 g protein, 72 g carbohydrate, and 21 g fat) was performed to compare two groups of CTs (12 women and 11 men) to normal-weight controls (12 women and 10 men). Bodyweight, food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, nitrogen balance, appetite hormones profiles, and urine metabolome were monitored before and after overfeeding.
resultsBefore overfeeding, positive energy gap was found in both CT genders (309 ± 370 kcal in CT-F and 332 ± 709 kcal in CT-M) associated with higher relative protein intake per kilo (1.74 ± 0.32 g/kg/day in CT-F vs. 1.16 ± 0.23 in C-F, P < 0.0001; 1.56 ± 0.36 in CT-M vs. 1.22 ± 0.32 in C-M, P = 0.03), lower nitrogen (7.26 ± 2.36 g/day in CT-F vs. 11.41 ± 3.64 in C-F, P = 0.003; 9.70 ± 3.85 in CT-M vs. 14.14 ± 4.19 in C-M, P = 0.02), but higher essential amino acids urinary excretion (CT/C fold change of 1.13 for leucine and 1.14 for arginine) in free-living conditions. After overfeeding, CTs presented an accentuated positive energy gap, still higher than in controls (675 ± 540 in CTs vs. 379 ± 427 in C, P = 0.04). Increase in lean mass was induced in both controls genders but not in CTs (a trend was noticed in CT women), despite a similar nitrogen balance after overfeeding (5.06 ± 4.33 g/day in CTs vs. 4.28 ± 3.15 in controls, P = 0.49). Higher anorectic gut hormones' tone, glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide tyrosine tyrosine, during test meal and higher snacking frequency were noticed before and after overfeeding in CTs.
conclusionsThe blunted muscle energy mechanism, previously described in CTs in free-living state, is associated with basal saturated protein turn over suggested by the concordance of positive nitrogen balance and an increased urine excretion of several essential amino acids. This saturation cannot be overpassed by increasing this spontaneous high-protein intake suggesting a resistance to lean mass gain in CT phenotype.
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