ReviewPituitary2020
Do nothing but observe microprolactinomas: when and how to replace sex hormones?
Review in Pituitary, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Italian Guidelines for the Management of Prolactinomas.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2023Guideline
- Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of prolactinomas (2025 edition).Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of men with erectile dysfunction as the presenting symptom due to a lactotroph adenoma.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Medical treatment of functional pituitary adenomas, trials and tribulations.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Review
- Aromatase inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy for male prolactinoma resistant to dopamine agonists: a retrospective cohort study and literature review.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Does hyperprolactinemia treatment affect pregnancy and perinatal outcomes?Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2024Article
- Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas: male-specific differences in pathogenesis, clinical presentation and treatment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Approach to the Patient With Prolactinoma.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and International Chapter of Clinical Endocrinology (ICCE). Position statement for clinical practice: prolactin-secreting tumors.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- The interplay between prolactin and cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Clinical Study of Progesterone Combined with Vitamin B6 in the Treatment of Amenorrhea Endocrine Disorders Caused by Antipsychotics.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Hypothalamic-Pituitary Diseases and Erectile Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hyperprolactinemia is associated with suppression of the hypothalamic- pituitary-gonadal axis and consequent hypogonadism, manifesting loss of libido, infertility and osteoporosis long-term in both male and female patients, with associated menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea and galactorrhea in women and erectile dysfunction in men. The primary goals of therapy in patients harboring prolactinoma are control of tumor size and normalization of serum PRL, with restoration of gonadal and sexual function and fertility. Clinical manifestations of hypogonadism have variable consequences depending on the age and sex of the patient and desire for fertility. Careful consideration of clinical consequences of hyperprolactinemia in relation to age and sex should help guide therapeutic decision making. Another important consideration in attaining our treatment goals in patients harboring microprolactinomas, is the observation that greater than 90% of microprolactinomas do not enlarge, when followed for 10 years. Treatment options for the management of microprolactinomas include observation alone, with monitoring of serum prolactin levels every 6-12 months, vs initiation of dopamine agonist therapy vs gonadal steroid hormone replacement (using the oral contraceptive or other combination estrogen and progesterone replacement regimens in females or testosterone replacement therapy in males). In the present review, current data related to clinical consequences of microprolactinomas and treatment outcomes at different stages in the lifespan are reviewed, with a suggested algorithm as to whether to treat or not, and an appropriate therapeutic regimen to institute.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.