ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2020
Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Improved Oral Delivery and Hypnotic Efficacy of Ferulic Acid.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Bioavailability and Related Bioactivity of Hydroxycinnamic Acids.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Ferulic Acid as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms, Pharmacokinetics and Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Nasal Administration of a Nanoemulsion Based on Methyl Ferulate and Eugenol Encapsulated in Chitosan Oleate: Uptake Studies in the Central Nervous System.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Characterization andCurrent drug delivery · 2025Article
- Self-emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems: Concept to Applications, Regulatory Issues, Recent Patents, Current Challenges and Future Directions.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Ferulic Acid: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Characterization and Hydrolysis Studies of a Prodrug Obtained as Ester Conjugate of Geraniol and Ferulic Acid by Enzymatic Way.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A comparative study on the preparation and evaluation of solubilizing systems for silymarin.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Morin: A New Approach for Combating Acute Alcohol Intoxication.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- The impact of sleep problems on cerebral aneurysm risk is mediated by hypertension: a mediated Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Recent Insight into Herbal Bioactives-based Novel Approaches for Chronic Intestinal Inflammatory Disorders Therapy.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Improved Therapeutic Efficacy of MT102, a New Anti-Inflammatory Agent, via a Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System, in Ulcerative Colitis Mice.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Omega-3 fatty acid-based self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of pioglitazone: Optimization, in vitro and in vivo studies.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Conjugation, Prodrug, and Co-Administration Strategies in Support of Nanotechnologies to Improve the Therapeutic Efficacy of Phytochemicals in the Central Nervous System.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Bioavailability of Madecassic Acid: In vitro and in vivo Evaluation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Oral Pharmacokinetics of Hydroxycinnamic Acids: An Updated Review.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Cyclodextrin-Based Delivery Systems and Hydroxycinnamic Acids: Interactions and Effects on Crucial Parameters Influencing Oral Bioavailability-A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Effects of Microencapsulated Ferulic Acid or Its Prodrug Methyl Ferulate on Neuroinflammation Induced by Muramyl Dipeptide.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems: An Alternative Approach to Improve Brain Bioavailability of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs through Intranasal Administration.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeFerulic acid (FA) is a natural compound which is used to treat insomnia. However, its use is limited because of its poor oral bioavailability caused by extremely rapid elimination. The current study aimed to develop a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to improve the oral delivery of FA and to enhance its hypnotic efficacy.
methodsFA-SMEDDS was prepared, and its morphology and storage stability were characterized. The formulation was also subjected to pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies in rats. The hypnotic efficacy of FA-SMEDDS was evaluated in
resultsFA-loaded SMEDDS exhibited a small droplet size (15.24 nm) and good stability. Oral administration of FA-SMEDDS yielded relative bioavailability of 185.96%. In the kidney, SMEDDS decreased the distribution percentage of FA from 76.1% to 59.4% and significantly reduced its metabolic conversion, indicating a reduction in renal elimination. Interestingly, FA-SMEDDS showed a higher distribution in the brain and enhanced serotonin levels in the brain, which extended the sleep time by 2-fold in insomnia mice.
conclusionThis is the first study to show that FA-loaded SMEDDS decreased renal elimination, enhanced oral bioavailability, increased brain distribution, and improved hypnotic efficacy. Thus, we have demonstrated that SMEDDS is a promising carrier which can be employed to improve the oral delivery of FA and facilitate product development for the therapy of insomnia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.