Trial reportToxins2020
Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Hemodialysis Patients Relate to Residual Kidney Function, Are Not Influenced by Convective Transport, and Do Not Relate to Outcome.
Trial report in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Comparison of uremic toxin removal between expanded hemodialysis and high volume online hemodiafiltrations in different modes.Acta biochimica Polonica · 2024Trial
- Hemodiafiltration in Dialysis Practice: Global Adoption, Toxin Clearance, Inflammation Control, and Clinical Safety.Toxins · 2026Review
- Characterization of residual kidney function in chronic hemodialysis patients using plasma metabolomics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Selected tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory molecules in hemodialyzed patients.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Tryptophan metabolites clearance in hemodialyzed patients.Amino acids · 2026Article
- The Impact of Clinical Variables and Dialysis Modality on Kynurenine Pathway Enzymes Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- A guide to uraemic toxicity.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Commentary: Microbiota-derived metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in dialysis patients: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Dialysis vintage modifies the effect of adsorption-based therapies on protein-bound toxin clearance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Lymphocyte Phenotypes and Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins as Determinants of Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- Protein-bound uremic toxin clearance as biomarker of kidney tubular function in diabetic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effect of VEGF, ET-1 and TGF-β1 levels in peritoneal dialysis effluent on peritoneal solute transport function.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome dynamics of patients on dialysis: implications for complications and treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Loop diuretics inhibit kynurenic acid production and kynurenine aminotransferases activity in rat kidneys.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Displacing the Burden: A Review of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Clearance Strategies in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are predominantly excreted by renal tubular secretion and hardly removed by traditional hemodialysis (HD). Accumulation of PBUTs is proposed to contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Preserved PBUT excretion in patients with residual kidney function (RKF) and/or increased PBUT clearance with improved dialysis techniques might improve the prognosis of patients with ESKD. The aims of this study are to explore determinants of PBUTs in HD patients, and investigate whether hemodiafiltration (HDF) lowers PBUT plasma concentrations, and whether PBUTs are related to the outcome. Predialysis total plasma concentrations of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, indoxyl sulfate, indole-3-acetic acid, p-cresyl sulfate, p-cresyl glucuronide, and hippuric acid were measured by UHPLC-MS at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up in the first 80 patients participating in the CONvective TRAnsport Study (CONTRAST), a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of online HDF versus low-flux HD on all-cause mortality and new cardiovascular events. RKF was inversely related to kynurenic acid (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.