"Paralympic Brain". Compensation and Reorganization of a Damaged Human Brain with Intensive Physical Training.

Kimitaka Nakazawa, Hiroki Obata, Daichi Nozaki, Shintaro Uehara, Pablo Celnik

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports

In one paragraph

Article in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 44% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

How Can Biomechanics Improve Physical Preparation and Performance in Paralympic Athletes? A Narrative Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kimitaka NakazawaDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538902, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5483-8659

Hiroki ObataDepartment of Humanities and Social Sciences, Institute of Liberal Arts, Kitakyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 8048550, Japan.

Daichi NozakiDepartment of Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1338-8337

Shintaro UeharaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Human Brain Physiology and Stimulation Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6255-1815

Pablo CelnikDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Human Brain Physiology and Stimulation Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Johns Hopkins University · USJapan Graduate School of Education University · JPTokyo University of the Arts · JP

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 18H04082

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The main aim of the study was to evaluate how the brain of a Paralympic athlete with severe disability due to cerebral palsy has reorganized after continuous training geared to enhance performance. Both corticospinal excitability of upper-limb muscles and electromyographic activity during swimming were investigated for a Paralympic gold medalist in swimming competitions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the affected and intact hand motor cortical area revealed that the affected side finger muscle cortical representation area shifted towards the temporal side, and cortico-spinal excitability of the target muscle was prominently facilitated, i.e., the maximum motor evoked potential in the affected side, 6.11 ± 0.19 mV was greater than that in the intact side, 4.52 ± 0.39 mV (mean ± standard error). Electromyographic activities during swimming demonstrated well-coordinated patterns as compared with rather spastic activities observed in the affected side during walking on land. These results suggest that the ability of the brain to reorganize through intensive training in Paralympic athletes can teach interesting lessons to the field neurorehabilitation.

Indexed as

case studyelectromyography (EMG)femalemotivationneurorehabilitationParalympic sportsswimming

Identifiers

PMID32272591

DOI10.3390/sports8040046

PMCPMC7240672

OpenAlexW3015254676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.