ArticlePloS one2020
A comparative analysis of drinking water employing metagenomics.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Establishment of an Indigenous-Led Drinking Water Monitoring Program Leveraging qPCR and Metagenomics Testing in New Zealand.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Article
- Metagenomic profiling of microbial communities and the resistome within Egyptian hospital wastewater and tap water.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Microorganisms and Suggestion for Potential Contribution of Microorganisms to Volatile Basic Nitrogen Production in Beef at Current Purchase Stages.Food science of animal resources · 2025Article
- Antibiotic-resistance and virulence-related genes in commercially bottled natural mineral waters.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Hybridization capture sequencing formBio · 2025Article
- Detection of parasites in food and water matrices by shotgun metagenomics: A narrative review.Food and waterborne parasitology · 2025Review
- A metagenomic analysis coupled with oligotrophic enrichment approach for detecting specified microorganisms in potable groundwater samples.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Comparative microbial metagenomic analysis of drinking water plants and wastewater treatment plants in Istanbul.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of metagenomic data.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2025Article
- Dynamics of drinking water biofilm formation associated with Legionella spp. colonization.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- A Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of Specified Microorganisms in Groundwater for Non-Sterilized Pharmaceutical Products.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- Environmentally Relevant Antibiotic Concentrations Exert Stronger Selection Pressure on River Biofilm Resistomes than AMR-Reservoir Effluents.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The unique chemical and microbiological signatures of an array of bottled drinking water.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Enhancing the DNA yield intended for microbial sequencing from a low-biomass chlorinated drinking water.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Dissolved Carbon Dioxide: The Lifespan ofBiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Sub-MIC antibiotics influence the microbiome, resistome and structure of riverine biofilm communities.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Tap water as a natural vehicle for microorganisms shaping the human gut microbiome.Environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The microbiological content of drinking water traditionally is determined by employing culture-dependent methods that are unable to detect all microorganisms, especially those that are not culturable. High-throughput sequencing now makes it possible to determine the microbiome of drinking water. Thus, the natural microbiota of water and water distribution systems can now be determined more accurately and analyzed in significantly greater detail, providing comprehensive understanding of the microbial community of drinking water applicable to public health. In this study, shotgun metagenomic analysis was performed to determine the microbiological content of drinking water and to provide a preliminary assessment of tap, drinking fountain, sparkling natural mineral, and non-mineral bottled water. Predominant bacterial species detected were members of the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, notably the genera Alishewanella, Salmonella, and Propionibacterium in non-carbonated non-mineral bottled water, Methyloversatilis and Methylibium in sparkling natural mineral water, and Mycobacterium and Afipia in tap and drinking fountain water. Fecal indicator bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli or enterococci, were not detected in any samples examined in this study. Bacteriophages and DNA encoding a few virulence-associated factors were detected but determined to be present only at low abundance. Antibiotic resistance markers were detected only at abundance values below our threshold of confidence. DNA of opportunistic plant and animal pathogens was identified in some samples and these included bacteria (Mycobacterium spp.), protozoa (Acanthamoeba mauritaniensis and Acanthamoeba palestinensis), and fungi (Melampsora pinitorqua and Chryosporium queenslandicum). Archaeal DNA (Candidatus Nitrosoarchaeum) was detected only in sparkling natural mineral water. This preliminary study reports the complete microbiome (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists) of selected types of drinking water employing whole-genome high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics. Investigation into activity and function of the organisms detected is in progress.
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