Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation2020
Exebacase for patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection and endocarditis.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03163446 (A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Comparative Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of CF-301 vs. Placebo in Addition to Standard-of-Care Antibacterial Therapy for the Treatment of Adult Patients With Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infections), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Comparative Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of CF-301 vs. Placebo in Addition to Standard-of-Care Antibacterial Therapy for the Treatment of Adult Patients With Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infections (Bacteremia) Including Endocarditis
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phage Therapy Enhanced by Using Engineered Bacteriophages: A Powerful Antibacterial Tool to Address the Dilemma Posed by Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- EV-LYSG101: Extracellular Vesicles Loaded With Lysin LYSG101 for Potent Anti-Staphylococcal Activity.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Integrated computational and experimental benchmarking of Bacillus phage endolysins reveals the relationship between peptidoglycan-fragment recognition descriptors and antibacterial performance.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- LYSG101: a potent chimeric lysin with therapeutic potential for combatingAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Detection to Disruption: A Comprehensive Review of Bacterial Biofilms and Therapeutic Advances.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Virulence Phenotypes Differentiate Persistent vs. Resolving Isolates of HumanAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: tolerance, immune evasion and treatment.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Phage endolysins as alternative antimicrobials: mechanisms, clinical progress, and emerging resistance frameworks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Next-generation antimicrobials: A review of phage lysins as precision weapons against drug-resistant pathogens.Virulence · 2025Review
- The New SH3b_T Domain Increases the Structural and Functional Variability Among SH3b-Like CBDs from Staphylococcal Phage Endolysins.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Phages connect the biological dots of antimicrobial resistance: from genesis and spread to alternative treatment modules.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Review
- New Antibiotics for Treating Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Phage and enzyme therapies in wound infections: From lab to bedside.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Review
- [Phage endolysins-a novel class of antibacterial agents with a wide range of applications].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Review
- The Current Landscape of Phage-Antibiotic Synergistic (PAS) Interactions.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Modifying Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Gram-Negative Bacteria Targeting Endolysin ML06 Without Affecting Antibacterial Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Development of a novel chimeric lysin to combine parental phage lysin and cefquinome for preventing sow endometritis after artificial insemination.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Review
- Endolysins: targetingFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUNDNovel therapeutic approaches are critically needed for Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSIs), particularly for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Exebacase, a first-in-class antistaphylococcal lysin, is a direct lytic agent that is rapidly bacteriolytic, eradicates biofilms, and synergizes with antibiotics.METHODSIn this superiority-design study, we randomly assigned 121 patients with S. aureus BSI/endocarditis to receive a single dose of exebacase or placebo. All patients received standard-of-care antibiotics. The primary efficacy endpoint was clinical outcome (responder rate) on day 14.RESULTSClinical responder rates on day 14 were 70.4% and 60.0% in the exebacase + antibiotics and antibiotics-alone groups, respectively (difference = 10.4, 90% CI [-6.3, 27.2], P = 0.31), and were 42.8 percentage points higher in the prespecified exploratory MRSA subgroup (74.1% vs. 31.3%, difference = 42.8, 90% CI [14.3, 71.4], ad hoc P = 0.01). Rates of adverse events (AEs) were similar in both groups. No AEs of hypersensitivity to exebacase were reported. Thirty-day all-cause mortality rates were 9.7% and 12.8% in the exebacase + antibiotics and antibiotics-alone groups, respectively, with a notable difference in MRSA patients (3.7% vs. 25.0%, difference = -21.3, 90% CI [-45.1, 2.5], ad hoc P = 0.06). Among MRSA patients in the United States, median length of stay was 4 days shorter and 30-day hospital readmission rates were 48% lower in the exebacase-treated group compared with antibiotics alone.CONCLUSIONThis study establishes proof of concept for exebacase and direct lytic agents as potential therapeutics and supports conduct of a confirmatory study focused on exebacase to treat MRSA BSIs.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicaltrials.gov NCT03163446.FUNDINGContraFect Corporation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.