ArticleAIDS (London, England)2020
Presence of asymptomatic cytomegalovirus and Epstein--Barr virus DNA in blood of persons with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy is associated with non-AIDS clinical events.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- CMV IgG and EBV Cell-Associated DNA Independently Associate With Veterans Aging Cohort Study Index 2.0 Scores in People With HIV on ART.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- HIV-driven virome dysbiosis unveils distinct virome features and inter-viral correlations in blood and respiratory niches.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Immune non-response despite effective antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV: A review of potential mechanisms, biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Cytomegalovirus in HIV: A Modifiable Driver of Inflammation, Frailty, and Aging.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Interaction between HIV-1 Tat and EBV Zta favours immune escape of B cells by downregulating HLA-ABC expression.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- HIV infection and immunosenescence: challenges and intervention strategies.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- Differential associations of anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies and soluble CD14 levels with immunosenescence in people living with HIV on long term antiretroviral therapy.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Article
- Plasma Virome of HIV-infected Subjects on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Reveals Association of Differentially Abundant Viruses with Distinct T-cell Phenotypes and Inflammation.Current genomics · 2024Article
- The effects of cytomegalovirus on brain structure following sport-related concussion.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- CT imaging of HIV-associated pulmonary disorders in COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical imaging · 2023Review
- Impact of aging on immunity in the context of COVID-19, HIV, and tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Growth differentiation factor-15 as a biomarker of atherosclerotic coronary plaque: Value in people living with and without HIV.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- HIV co-infection augments EBV-induced tumorigenesisFrontiers in virology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2021Review
- Association between cytomegalovirus infection, reduced gray matter volume, and resting-state functional hypoconnectivity in major depressive disorder: a replication and extension.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Review
- Cytomegalovirus as an Uninvited Guest in the Response to Vaccines in People Living with HIV.Viruses · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEven with antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons with HIV (PWH) experience increased morbidity and mortality. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein--Barr virus (EBV) co-infections likely exacerbate inflammatory-related diseases.
objectiveTo determine if presence of detectable CMV or EBV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is associated with non-AIDS events among PWH receiving modern ART.
designWe performed a case--control study of PWH starting ART and HIV-suppressed at year 1 and thereafter, 140 cases who experienced non-AIDS events and 305 matched controls. Events included myocardial infarction, stroke, malignancy, serious bacterial infection or death.
methodsBlood samples were studied pre-ART, 1-year post-ART and pre-event. Controls had an event-free follow-up equal or greater than cases. CMV and EBV DNA levels were measured in PBMC. Conditional logistic regression analysis assessed associations and adjusted for relevant covariates; Spearman's correlations compared CMV and EBV DNA levels with other biomarkers.
resultsCMV DNA was detected in PBMC of 25% of participants, EBV DNA was detected in more than 90%. Higher EBV DNA levels were associated with increased risk of events at all time points (odds ratio (OR) per one IQR = 1.5-1.7, all P < 0.009). At year 1, detectable CMV DNA was associated with increased risk of events in most adjusted models (OR = 1.4-1.8, P values ranging 0.03-0.17). Higher levels of CMV and EBV DNA correlated with multiple inflammatory markers and lower CD4/CD8 ratio.
conclusionIn PWH starting ART, detection of CMV and EBV DNA in PBMC was associated with development of non-AIDS events. Clinical trials will be needed to understand causal mechanisms and ways to interrupt them.
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