Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32270230›Full record

ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2020

Neuroendocrine tumours and their microenvironment.

Lotte D de Hosson, Tim J Takkenkamp, Gursah Kats-Ugurlu, Grietje Bouma, Marian Bulthuis, Elisabeth G E de Vries, Martijn van Faassen, Ido P Kema, Annemiek M E Walenkamp

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lotte D de HossonDepartment of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, DA11, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Tim J TakkenkampDepartment of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, DA11, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Gursah Kats-UgurluDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Grietje BoumaDepartment of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, DA11, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Marian BulthuisDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Elisabeth G E de VriesDepartment of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, DA11, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Martijn van FaassenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Ido P KemaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Annemiek M E WalenkampDepartment of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, DA11, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. a.walenkamp@umcg.nl.
University of Groningen · NLUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumours can escape the immune system by expressing programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1), which allows them to bind to PD-1 on T-cells and avoid recognition by the immune system. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) also play a role in immune suppression. Knowledge about the interaction of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) with their immune microenvironment and the role of immunotherapy in patients with NET is scarce. Here, we investigated the immune microenvironment of serotonin-producing (SP) and non-serotonin-producing NETs (NSP-NETs). Tumours of 33 patients with SP-NET and 18 patients with NSP-NET were studied. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed for PD-L1, T-cells, IDO, TDO, mismatch repair proteins (MMRp) and activated fibroblasts. PD-L1 expression was seen in < 1% of tumour and T-cells. T-cells were present in 33% of NETs, varying between 1 and 10% T-cells per high power field. IDO was expressed in tumour cells in 55% of SP-NETs and 22% of NSP-NETs (p = 0.039). TDO was expressed in stromal cells in 64% of SP-NETs and 13% of NSP-NETs (p = 0.001). No tumours had loss of MMRp. TDO-expressing stromal cells also strongly expressed α-SMA and were identified as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Factors that are associated with a response to checkpoint inhibitor treatment were absent or only present to a limited extent in the tumour microenvironment of NETs. The expression of IDO and TDO in a substantial part of NETs and the presence of CAFs suggest two mechanisms that could be responsible for the cold immune microenvironment, which should be explored to enhance anti-tumour immunity and clinical responses.

Indexed as

B7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansIndoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-DioxygenaseLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMaleMiddle AgedNeuroendocrine TumorsPrognosisSurvival RateT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryTryptophan OxygenaseTumor MicroenvironmentB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCD274 protein, humanIndoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-DioxygenaseTryptophan OxygenaseImmune microenvironmentIndoleamine 2,3-dioxygenaseNeuroendocrine tumoursProgrammed death-ligand-1T-cellsTryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase

Identifiers

PMID32270230
PMCPMC7347684
OpenAlexW3015399165

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.