ArticleParasites & vectors2020
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- From conventional to biosensor-based detection ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2026Review
- Exposure of Eurasian blackbird (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the efficicacy of myrcene in the treatment of Eimeria tenella and Toxoplasma gondii infection.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2025Article
- Diseases Caused by and Behaviors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma Gondii in humans, animals and in the environment in Morocco: a literature review.Gut pathogens · 2024Review
- Article
- Quantitative Risk Assessment of Oocyst Versus Bradyzoite Foodborne Transmission ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Ginger Is a Potential Therapeutic for Chronic Toxoplasmosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Detection of DNA from Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water for reuse.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Contamination of Soil, Water, Fresh Produce, and Bivalve Mollusks withMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Nano DNA Vaccine EncodingPharmaceutics · 2021Article
- RAA-Cas12a-Tg: A Nucleic Acid Detection System forMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- RecombinantVaccines · 2021Article
- With Chitosan and PLGA as the Delivery Vehicle,Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Serosurvey of Anti-Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundToxoplasma gondii is the third most important contributor to health burden caused by food-borne illness. Ingestion of tissue cysts from undercooked meat is an important source of horizontal transmission to humans. However, there is an increasing awareness of the consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, as a possible source for oocyst transmission, since this stage of the parasite can persist and remain infective in soil and water for long time. Herein, we outline findings related with detection of T. gondii oocysts in vegetables and berry fruits, which are usually raw consumed. The procedure includes the estimation of the number of oocysts.
methodsFood samples were collected from local producers and supermarket suppliers. Toxoplasma gondii oocysts were concentrated after washing the samples by applying high resolution water filtration and immunomagnetic separation (method 1623.1: EPA 816-R-12-001-Jan 2012), in order to (i) remove potential Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts present in the samples; and (ii) select T. gondii oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii oocyst detection and an estimation of their numbers was performed by conventional PCR and real time qPCR, using specific primers for a 183-bp sequence of the T. gondii repetitive DNA region. All PCR-positive DNA samples were purified and sequenced. Restriction enzyme digestion with EcoRV endonuclease confirmed the presence of the T. gondii DNA fragment. In addition, the presence of the parasite was observed by fluorescent microscopy, taking advantage of the oocysts autofluorescence under UV light.
resultsForty percent of the analysed samples (95% CI: 25.5-56.5%) presented the expected PCR and digested DNA fragments. These fragments were confirmed by sequencing. Microscopic autofluorescence supported the presence of T. gondii-like oocysts. The estimated mean (± SE) oocyst concentration was 23.5 ± 12.1 oocysts/g, with a range of 0.6-179.9 oocysts/g.
conclusionsOur findings provide relevant evidence of contamination of fresh vegetables and berry fruits with T. gondii oocysts.
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