ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Thyroid Hormone Diseases and Osteoporosis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Graves' disease and bone mineral density: a meta-analysis and UK Biobank.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of levothyroxine therapy on bone and mineral metabolism in hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the relationship between normal range of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and bone mineral density in the postmenopausal women.BMC women's health · 2023Pooled it
- Pediatric osteoporosis: a comprehensive imaging-based review of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and etiology.Skeletal radiology · 2026Review
- Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Bone Mineral Density Trajectories and Osteoporosis Progression: A Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with MRONJ Associated with Antiresorptive Therapy: A Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Article
- Hypothyroidism in adult spinal deformity.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Prevalence and predictors of self-reported multimorbidity and locomotor disability among the geriatric population in coastal South Karnataka, India.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Natural product-based interventions for thyroid disorders: mechanisms and applications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- A Comparative Evaluation of Three Time-to-Event Models Predicting 5-Year Osteoporosis Risk in Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Increased risk of osteoporosis among thyroid cancer survivors: the influence of postoperative levothyroxine therapy in a nationwide cohort study.Annals of surgical treatment and research · 2026Article
- Drug-Induced Osteoporosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Bone mineral density assessment by DXA in disease-associated osteoporosis: the limitations.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone sensitivity indices correlate with volumetric bone mineral density and vertebral fracture risk among the osteoporotic population in northern China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The therapeutic potential of descending regulatory pathways from brain to bone in osteoporosis: focusing on the brain-bone axis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma with metastasis to the femur as a rare cause of femoral fracture: A case report.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Sex differences in thyroid aging and their implications in thyroid disorders: insights from gene regulatory networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Mind the bone: a protocol for osteoporosis prophylaxis in patients with thyroid eye disease on intravenous methylprednisolone.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for normal skeletal development and normal bone metabolism in adults but can have detrimental effects on bone structures in states of thyroid dysfunction. Untreated severe hyperthyroidism influences the degree of bone mass and increases the probability of high bone turnover osteoporosis. Subclinical hyperthyroidism, defined as low thyrotropin (TSH) and free hormones within the reference range, is a subtler disease, often asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is incidentally made during screening exams. However, more recent data suggest that this clinical condition may affect bone metabolism resulting in decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fracture, particularly in postmenopausal women. The main causes of exogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism are inappropriate replacement dose of thyroxin and TSH suppressive L-thyroxine doses in the therapy of benign thyroid nodules and thyroid carcinoma. Available data similarly suggest that a long-term TSH suppressive dose of thyroxin may decrease BMD and may induce an increased risk of fracture. These effects are particularly observed in postmenopausal women but are less evident in premenopausal women. Overt hypothyroidism is known to lower bone turnover by reducing both osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic activity. These changes in bone metabolism would result in an increase in bone mineralization. At the moment, there are no clear data that demonstrate any relationship between BMD in adults and hypothyroidism. Despite these clinical evidences, the cellular and molecular actions of thyroid hormones on bone structures are not complete clear.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.