Trial reportNutrients2020
Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07660081 (Effects of Acetyl L-Carnitine Supplementation on Clinical, Metabolic and Inflammatory Symptoms in Obese, Diabetic, Postmenopausal Women With Osteoarthritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Acetyl L-Carnitine Supplementation on Clinical, Metabolic and Inflammatory Symptoms in Obese, Diabetic, Postmenopausal Women With Osteoarthritis: Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Ghrelin-LEAP2 System in Obesity and Diabetes: Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Potential.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- LEAP2 in Physiology-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ghrelin's potential as a therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory diseases: evidence from human endometrial stromal cells.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Serum LEAP2 Levels Across the Spectrum of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Potential Noninvasive Biomarker for Severity Stratification.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Ghrelin in Focus: Dissecting Its Critical Roles in Gastrointestinal Pathologies and Therapies.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- High-Fat Diet Induces Resistance to Ghrelin and LEAP2 Peptide Analogs in Mice.Physiological research · 2023Article
- Advances in Antimicrobial Peptide Discovery via Machine Learning and Delivery via Nanotechnology.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Adipokines in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Are We on the Road toward New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets?Biology · 2022Review
- Involvement of POMC neurons in LEAP2 regulation of food intake and body weight.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- LEAP-2/ghrelin interplay in adult growth hormone deficiency: Cause or consequence? A pilot study.IUBMB life · 2021Observational
- Ghrelin attenuates drowning injury via dual effects on damage protection and immune repression.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Human liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 elevation in the cerebrospinal fluid in bacterial meningitis.Brain and behavior · 2021Article
- LEAP-2: An Emerging Endogenous Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist in the Pathophysiology of Obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating, chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease associated with cachexia. The substitutive therapy of gut hormone ghrelin has been pointed at as a potential countermeasure for the management of metabolic and inflammatory complications in RA. The recent discovery of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) as an endogenous inverse agonist/antagonist of the ghrelin receptor makes feasible the development of a more rational pharmacological approach. This work aimed to assess the serum LEAP2 levels, in a cohort of RA patients, in comparison with healthy individuals and determine its correlation with inflammatory parameters. LEAP2 levels were determined by a commercial ELISA kit, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated using immunoturbidimetry, and serum levels of inflammatory mediators, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, MIP1α, MCP1, and LCN2, were measured by XMap multiplex assay. LEAP2 serum levels were significantly increased in RA patients (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.