ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Immunomodulation of the Natural Killer Cell Phenotype and Response during HCV Infection.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- The Malignant Transformation of Viral Hepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Interventions.MedComm · 2025Review
- Early Assessment of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Risk Among Recipients of Hepatitis C Virus-infected Donors in the Current Era.Journal of cardiac failure · 2024Observational
- Association of Blood NK Cell Phenotype with the Severity of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis C with Genotype 1 or 3.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association of NK Cells with the Severity of Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Direct-acting Antiviral-induced Transient Recovery of NK Cells in Early-stage Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2022Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy in liver diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: State of the Art.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Immune system control of hepatitis C virus infection.Current opinion in virology · 2021Review
- Immunological Mechanisms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk after Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Chronic Hepatitis C Pathogenesis: Immune Response in the Liver Microenvironment and Peripheral Compartment.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Genetic Variants inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- NK cells: A double edge sword against SARS-CoV-2.Advances in biological regulation · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection develops into chronic hepatitis in over two-thirds of acute infections. While current treatments with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) achieve HCV eradication in >95% of cases, no vaccine is available and re-infection can readily occur. Natural killer (NK) cells represent a key cellular component of the innate immune system, participating in early defence against infectious diseases, viruses, and cancers. When acute infection becomes chronic, however, NK cell function is altered. This has been well studied in the context of HCV, where changes in frequency and distribution of NK cell populations have been reported. While activating receptors are downregulated on NK cells in both acute and chronic infection, NK cell inhibiting receptors are upregulated in chronic HCV infection, leading to altered NK cell responsiveness. Furthermore, chronic activation of NK cells following HCV infection contributes to liver inflammation and disease progression through enhanced cytotoxicity. Consequently, the NK immune response is a double-edged sword that is a significant component of the innate immune antiviral response, but persistent activation can drive tissue damage during chronic infection. This review will summarise the role of NK cells in HCV infection, and the changes that occur during HCV therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.