ReviewThe Journal of experimental medicine2020
Historical overview of the interleukin-6 family cytokine.
Review in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 217 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
217 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 344 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological Activity of Vaccine Systems Containing Liposomal Nanocarriers against Protozoan-induced Diseases: A Systematic Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Pooled it
- The role of chemokines and interleukins in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2024Pooled it
- Interleukin-6 blocking agents for treating COVID-19: a living systematic review.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Interleukin-6 levels can be used to estimate cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk in dialysis patients: A meta-analysis and a systematic review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Refining therapeutic targeting of interleukin-6 by signalling mode selectivity.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- The causes of cachexia: key signals and the brain.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Salivary Cytokine Profiles in Active Smokers: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A biomimetic nanointegrator synergizing "dual-throttle" immune checkpoint blockade and enhanced DAMPs-mediated immune activation for potent anti-tumor T‑cell immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Atlas of human gut-associated lymphoid tissue reveals immunomodulatory interactions of B cells.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- In ovo injection of vitamin DPoultry science · 2026Article
- Dissecting temporal regulation of the TLR4-IL-6 axis using systematic targeted inhibition.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The interaction between microbes and cytokines in cancer: unraveling the underlying effects.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- MnUA-DOX-artesunate hydrogel remodels immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and prevents postoperative recurrence in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Ancient IL-6-STAT5 signaling orchestrates inflammation in jawless vertebrates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Evaluating Associations Between Ankylosing Spondylitis, Torque Teno Virus and Polymorphisms in Interleukin 6 and Vitamin D Receptor Genes.International journal of immunogenetics · 2026Article
- IL‑6: A key player in the EGFR‑TKI‑resistant tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- POU1F1 induces cancer stem cell-like traits in breast cancer cells by IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 activation and enrichment of ALDH.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Rewiring tumor cytokine networks to enhance immune checkpoint blockade: mechanisms, engineering, and clinical translation.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
157 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been identified as a 26-kD secreted protein that stimulates B cells to produce antibodies. Later, IL-6 was revealed to have various functions that overlap with other IL-6 family cytokines and use the common IL-6 signal transducer gp130. IL-6 stimulates cells through multiple pathways, using both membrane and soluble IL-6 receptors. As indicated by the expanding market for IL-6 inhibitors, it has become a primary therapeutic target among IL-6 family cytokines. Here, we revisit the discovery of IL-6; discuss insights regarding the roles of this family of cytokines; and highlight recent advances in our understanding of regulation of IL-6 expression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.