ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
The Role of PD-1 in Acute and Chronic Infection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 218 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
218 citing papers in PubMed, 301 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human memory T cell dynamics after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Physical Exercise in Immunotherapy.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Cirrhosis Impairs Reconstitution of the Circulating T-Lymphocyte Compartment After Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus Infection.United European gastroenterology journal · 2026Article
- CD8Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- The effect of transperineal template prostate biopsy (TTPB) on selective serum biomarkers: a clinical-pilot observational study.International urology and nephrology · 2026Observational
- Malaria exposure history shapes PD-1 expression across human B-cell subsets during acute Plasmodium falciparum infection.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- PD-1⁺ CD8⁺ T cells: roles of PD-1 beyond an exhaustion marker.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to central nervous system viral infections.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Breakthroughs in HBV-related HCC Therapy: The Unmatched Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Immune cells during compensatory renal hypertrophy after unilateral nephrectomy.Research square · 2026Article
- Involvement of the PD-1 pathway in the modulation of immune responses during allergic diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Tumor immunogenicity shapes CNS immune niches and CD8⁺ T cell fate in glioblastoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- PD-1 protects expanding human T cells from premature restimulation-induced cell death by modulating TCR and CD28 signaling.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Periodontitis-Induced Immune Reprogramming: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Response.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- TLR7-mediated inflammation drives PD-L1 upregulation and T cell exhaustion during influenza A virus infection.iScience · 2026Article
- Expression of Immune CheckpointsTurkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Signatures Reveal Stage-Specific Biomarkers for High-Activity Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- PD-L1 cell-intrinsic signals limit immune activation during cutaneous vaccinia virus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Stepwise differentiation from precursor intermediates and distinct Th1 checkpoints promote CD4 Th1 cell differentiation during chronic viral infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Unraveling Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicities: Pathway Insights, Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
158 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PD-1 as an immune checkpoint molecule down-regulates T cell activity during immune responses in order to prevent autoimmune tissue damage. In chronic infections or tumors, lasting antigen-exposure leads to permanent PD-1 expression that can limit immune-mediated clearance of pathogens or degenerated cells. Blocking PD-1 can enhance T cell function; in cancer treatment PD-1 blockade is already used as a successful therapy. However, the role of PD-1 expression and blocking in the context of acute and chronic infections is less defined. Building on its success in cancer therapy leads to the hypothesis that blocking PD-1 in infectious diseases is also beneficial in acute or chronic infections. This review will focus on the role of PD-1 expression in acute and chronic infections with virus, bacteria, and parasites, with a particular focus on recent studies regarding PD-1 blockade in infectious diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.