ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020
The Prevalence of Insomnia Subtypes in Relation to Demographic Characteristics, Anxiety, Depression, Alcohol Consumption and Use of Hypnotics.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenging beliefs for quality sleep: A systematic review of maladaptive sleep beliefs and treatment outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.Sleep medicine reviews · 2023Pooled it
- The prevalence and severity of insomnia symptoms during COVID-19: A global systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.Sleep medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Insomnia Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.CNS drugs · 2020Pooled it
- Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia in Black women: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of alpha phase-locked auditory stimulation to treat symptoms of sleep onset insomnia.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Number, Duration, and Distribution of Wake Bouts in Patients with Insomnia Disorder: Effect of Daridorexant and Zolpidem.CNS drugs · 2023Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Daridorexant in Older and Younger Adults with Insomnia Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial.Drugs & aging · 2022Trial
- Physiotherapists experiences with cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) training: Mixed methods study.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Article
- Bidirectional associations between insomnia symptoms and depression: a prospective cohort study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Association of insomnia with anxiety might be greater than that of depression among patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a network analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The association between sleep quality and postoperative pain after half-impacted mandibular third molar extraction: comparison of three statistical models.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Insomnia disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Prevalence, subtypes, and comorbidity of DSM-5 insomnia disorder among adults in Beijing, China: a large-scale cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Telemonitored sleep quality and daily activity are associated with mental health outcomes among Japanese workers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Insomnia Subtypes in Clinical Population According to the Insomnia Type Questionnaire (ITQ): A Multi-Centre Study in Spanish Sleep Clinics.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Subtyping insomnia disorder with a population graph attention autoencoder: revealing two distinct biotypes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study of mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia in Black women.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- The interplay of sleep disorders and orofacial pain: A systematic review.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2025Review
- Patterns of heart rate reduction during sleep onset in participants with and without insomnia.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Profiling the sleep architecture of ageing adults using a seven-state continuous-time Markov model.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to several demographic characteristics, as well as to investigate the prevalence of possible anxiety and depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics within the different insomnia subtypes.
methodsThe present study was based on an extensive web-based survey made publicly available in 2012. The data was downloaded in January 2019, after 113 887 people had responded to parts of, or the entire questionnaire. The 64 503 participants who met the criteria for chronic insomnia disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) comprised the study population. The present study divided insomnia into seven subtypes based on type of sleep difficulty reported; sleep onset insomnia (SOL-insomnia), sleep maintenance insomnia (WASO-insomnia), early morning awakening insomnia (EMA-insomnia) and combinations of these. Data were analyzed with chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses adjusted for sex, age, level of education and marital status.
resultsMore than 60% of the study population met the criteria of either SOL-insomnia or a mixed insomnia subtype consisting of SOL-, WASO- and EMA-insomnia (SOL + WASO + EMA-insomnia). The percentage distribution of insomnia subtypes within the demographic characteristics showed that participants with female sex, high age, low level of education and who were divorced, separated or a widow/widower had a higher prevalence of SOL + WASO + EMA-insomnia compared to their respective demographic counterparts. The prevalence of possible anxiety, possible depression and use of hypnotics were higher among participants with SOL + WASO + EMA-insomnia compared to the other insomnia subtypes. The combination of WASO- and EMA-insomnia (WASO + EMA-insomnia) was associated with the most frequent alcohol consumption.
conclusionOur findings suggest that there are major differences between the insomnia subtypes, both regarding demographics, but also in terms of how the complaints may affect daily life. Participants with combinations of SOL, WASO and EMA were more likely than participants with the other subtypes to have possible anxiety and possible depression, high alcohol consumption and to use hypnotics.
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