Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32265688›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2020

Review of Ongoing Activities and Challenges to Improve the Care of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Across Africa and the Implications for the Future.

Brian Godman, Debashis Basu, Yogan Pillay, Julius C Mwita, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Bene D Anand Paramadhas, Celda Tiroyakgosi, Patrick Mbah Okwen, Loveline Lum Niba, Justice Nonvignon and 24 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors.

Brian GodmanStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Debashis BasuDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Yogan PillayHIV & AIDS, TB and Maternal, Child and Women's Health, National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa.
Julius C MwitaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Godfrey Mutashambara RwegereraDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Bene D Anand ParamadhasDepartment of Pharmacy, Nyangabgwe Hospital, Francistown, Botswana.
Celda TiroyakgosiBotswana Essential Drugs Action Program, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Gaborone, Botswana.
Patrick Mbah OkwenEffective Basic Services (eBASE) Africa, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Loveline Lum NibaEffective Basic Services (eBASE) Africa, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Justice NonvignonSchool of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Israel SefahDepartment of Pharmacy, Keta Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Keta, Ghana.
Margaret OlukaDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Anastasia N GuantaiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Dan KibuuleDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Francis KalemeeraDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Mwangana MubitaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Joseph FadareDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Olayinka O OgunleyeDepartment of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria.
Larry A DistillerCentre for Diabetes & Endocrinology (Pty) Ltd, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Enos M RampambaDivision of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Jeffrey WingSchool of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Debjani MuellerDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Abubakr AlfadlNational Medicines Board, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.
Adefolarin A AmuEswatini Medical Christian University, Mbabane, Swaziland.
Zinhle MatsebulaRaleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital, Manzini, Swaziland.
Aubrey KalungiaDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Trust ZaranyikaDepartment of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Nyasha MasukaIndependent Health Systems Consultant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Janney WaleIndependent Consumer Advocate, Brunswick, VIC, Australia.
Ruaraidh HillLiverpool Reviews and Implementation Group, Liverpool University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Amanj KurdiStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Angela TimoneyStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Stephen CampbellCentre for Primary Care, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Johanna C MeyerDivision of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere has been an appreciable increase in the number of people in Africa with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in recent years as a result of a number of factors. Factors include lifestyle changes, urbanisation, and the growing consumption of processed foods coupled with increasing levels of obesity. Currently there are 19 million adults in Africa with diabetes, mainly T2DM (95%), estimated to grow to 47 million people by 2045 unless controlled. This has a considerable impact on morbidity, mortality and costs in the region. There are a number of issues to address to reduce the impact of T2DM including improving detection rates and current access to services alongside addressing issues of adherence to prescribed medicines. There are also high rates of co-morbidities with infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis in patients in Africa with T2DM that require attention.

objectiveDocument ongoing activities across Africa to improve the care of patients with T2DM especially around issues of identification, access, and adherence to changing lifestyles and prescribed medicines. In addition, discussing potential ways forward to improve the care of patients with T2DM based on ongoing activities and experiences including addressing key issues associated with co-morbidities with infectious diseases. OUR APPROACH: Contextualise the findings from a wide range of publications including internet based publications of national approaches coupled with input from senior level government, academic and other professionals from across Africa to provide future guidance. ONGOING ACTIVITIES: A number of African countries are actively instigating programmes to improve the care of patients with T2DM starting with improved diagnosis. This recognises the growing burden of non-communicable diseases across Africa, which has been neglected in the past. Planned activities include programmes to improve detection rates and address key issues with diet and lifestyle changes, alongside improving monitoring of care and activities to enhance adherence to prescribed medicines. In addition, addressing potential complexities involving diabetes patients with infectious disease co-morbidities. It is too early to fully assess the impact of such activities.

conclusionThere are a number of ongoing activities across Africa to improve the management of patients with diabetes including co-morbidities. However, more needs to be done considering the high and growing burden of T2DM in Africa. Ongoing research will help further benefit resource allocation and subsequent care.

Indexed as

adherenceAfricadiagnosismedicinesnational initiativespatient groupsType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID32265688
PMCPMC7098994

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.