ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2020
Empagliflozin reduces vascular damage and cognitive impairment in a mixed murine model of Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes.
Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer´s disease: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and incretin-based therapies on dementia risk in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Pooled it
- Perceptions and responses to cognitive decline in people with diabetes: A systematic review of qualitative studies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- A phase 2A/B randomized trial of metabolic modulators intranasal insulin and empagliflozin for MCI and early AD.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in early Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of empagliflozin as adjunctive therapy to citalopram in major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Irisin upregulation as a contributory mechanism for the therapeutic benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Glucose-Lowering Therapies and Cognitive Decline: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Evidence and Future Perspectives.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- SGLT2 Inhibition Attenuates Hippocampal Injury and Cognitive Impairment in Adult-Onset Hypothyroidism.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- From molecules to the clinic-pathophysiology of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and their emerging role in urology: A comprehensive review from the European Association of Urology Section of Endourology.Asian journal of urology · 2026Review
- The effect of canagliflozin on hippocampal dendrite morphology in a model of Alzheimer's disease induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- SGLT2 Inhibitors Between Benefits and Euglycemic Ketoacidosis: A Concise Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease: Biochemical Insights and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Organ-Specific Efficacy of Postischemic Empagliflozin in Acute Stroke and Myocardial Infarction Using Preclinical Models.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Evidence on SGLT2 Inhibitors' Efficacy in Older and Frail Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection by canagliflozin in a Huntington's disease model: role of HIF-1α and PI3K/AKT signaling.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Potential of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The diabetic retina-brain axis hypothesis in diabetic cognitive impairment: from pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Empagliflozin Improves Learning and Memory Deficits in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Male Wistar Rats.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2026Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share common pathological features including inflammation, insulin signaling alterations, or vascular damage. AD has no successful treatment, and the close relationship between both diseases supports the study of antidiabetic drugs to limit or slow down brain pathology in AD. Empagliflozin (EMP) is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, the newest class of antidiabetic agents. EMP controls hyperglycemia and reduces cardiovascular comorbidities and deaths associated to T2D. Therefore, we have analyzed the role of EMP at the central level in a complex mouse model of AD-T2D.
methodsWe have treated AD-T2D mice (APP/PS1xdb/db mice) with EMP 10 mg/kg for 22 weeks. Glucose, insulin, and body weight were monthly assessed. We analyzed learning and memory in the Morris water maze and the new object discrimination test. Postmortem brain assessment was conducted to measure brain atrophy, senile plaques, and amyloid-β levels. Tau phosphorylation, hemorrhage burden, and microglia were also measured in the brain after EMP treatment.
resultsEMP treatment helped to maintain insulin levels in diabetic mice. At the central level, EMP limited cortical thinning and reduced neuronal loss in treated mice. Hemorrhage and microglia burdens were also reduced in EMP-treated mice. Senile plaque burden was lower, and these effects were accompanied by an amelioration of cognitive deficits in APP/PS1xdb/db mice.
conclusionsAltogether, our data support a feasible role for EMP to reduce brain complications associated to AD and T2D, including classical pathological features and vascular disease, and supporting further assessment of EMP at the central level.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.