ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
High contribution and impact of resistant gram negative pathogens causing surgical site infections at a multi-hospital healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, 2007-2016.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of high perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction for abdominal surgery on surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Characterizing the Profiles of Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens of Wound Infections and Their Drug-Resistance Disposition.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Clinical and Microbiology Predictors for Therapeutic Failure in Sternal Surgical Site Infections - A Retrospective Cohort Study.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2024Review
- Article
- Incidence of Drug-Resistant Hospital-Associated Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, the Accompanying Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes with Treatment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An Overview of Antimicrobial Resistance in Saudi Arabia (2013-2023) and the Need for National Surveillance.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Surgical Site Bacterial Infection in a General Hospital, Al-Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- Risk factors in acquiring multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in a hospital setting in Saudi Arabia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Rectal colonization is predictive for surgical site infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria in abdominal surgery.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2023Article
- Prevalence and genetic characterization of clinically relevant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producingFrontiers in antibiotics · 2023Review
- Incidence of surgical site infection, bacterial isolate, and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among patients who underwent surgery at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.SAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- Estimation of Prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Blood Infections among Patients Admitted at a Tertiary Hospital in Oman over a Period of Five Years: A Cross-Sectional Study.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Bacteriological profile of wound swab and their antibiogram pattern in a tertiary care hospital, Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
- Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infections and related antibiotic resistance in Freetown, Sierra Leone: a prospective cohort study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Article
- Review
- Antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria: a 5-year retrospective analysis at a multi-hospital healthcare system in Saudi Arabia.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Middle East and North Africa Region.mSphere · 2021Review
- Article
- Drug resistance profile in postbiliary and gastrointestinal surgical-site infection cases from a tertiary care hospital.Indian journal of pharmacologyArticle
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite being largely preventable, surgical site infections (SSIs) are still one of the most frequent healthcare-associated infections. The presence of resistant pathogens can further augment their clinical and economic impacts. The objective was to estimate the distribution and resistance in SSI pathogens in Saudi Arabia and to compare them to the US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) hospitals.
methodsTargeted SSI surveillance was prospectively conducted on several surgical procedures done between 2007 and 2016 in four hospitals of Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. Definitions and methodology of SSI and bacterial resistance were based on NHSN.
resultsA total 492 pathogens causing 403 SSI events were included. The most frequent pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (22.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.1%), Klebsiella spp. (12.2%), and Escherichia coli (12.2%), with marked variability between surgeries. Approximately 30.3% of Staphylococcus aureus was methicillin-resistant (MRSA), 13.0% of Enterococcus spp. was vancomycin-resistant (VRE), and 5.5% of Enterobacteriaceae were carbapenem resistant (CRE). The highest multidrug-resistant (MDR) GNPs were Acinetobacter spp. (58.3%), Klebsiella spp. (20.4%) and Escherichia coli (16.3%). MRSA was significantly less frequent while cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella spp., MDR Klebsiella spp., and MDR Escherichia coli were significantly more frequent in our hospitals compared with NHSN hospitals.
conclusionGNPs in a tertiary care setting in Saudi Arabia are responsible for more than 60% of SSI with more resistant patterns than Western countries. This information may be critical to secure resources and ensure support for caregivers and healthcare leaders in implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs and evidence-based SSI preventive practices.
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