SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2020
Cytokine response in human leptospirosis with different clinical outcomes: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Toll-like receptor 2 during infection of Leptospira spp: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Multi-omics analysis of human patient samples identifies key immune factors inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Clinical Predictors of Fatal Outcomes from Human Leptospirosis, Thailand, 2015-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Early diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis: Optimizing clinical outcomes.The Journal of infection · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune cross-talk inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Electrocardiographic Findings and Incidence of New-onset Atrial Arrhythmia among Patients with Severe Leptospirosis who Underwent Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single Center Cross-sectional Study.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
- Article
- Combined effects of calorie restriction and chronic stress on systemic inflammation and gut microbiota in rats exposed toBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in Leptospirosis patients: A prospective case-series study in New Caledonia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Observational
- Leptospirosis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Design, Development and Immunogenic Evaluation of a Novel Lipl32 Recombinant Protein of Local Pathogenic Leptospira Serovars.Archives of Razi Institute · 2025Article
- The role of leptospiral proteins in immune evasion and inflammatory response stimulation in HEK293T cell monolayers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Recombinant outer membrane protein Lipl41 fromIranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Corticosteroid Treatment for Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A Patient with Severe Leptospirosis Treated with Cytokine Removal and High-Dose Corticosteroids.Infectious disease reports · 2022Article
- Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Insight into the Structure, Functions, and Dynamics of theMembranes · 2022Review
- Covid-19 and leptospirosis, pulmonary involvement and response to steroids: A comparative observational study from a rural Tertiary care center in Kerala.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Host and Species-Specificities of Pattern Recognition Receptors Upon Infection WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease which is a major challenge for clinicians and public health professionals in tropical countries. The cytokine storm during the second (immune) phase is thought to be a major contributory factor for the leptospirosis disease severity. We aim to summarize evidence for cytokine response in leptospirosis at different clinical outcomes.
methodsA systematic review was carried out to examine the cytokine response in leptospirosis patients using relevant scientific databases. Reference lists of the selected articles were also screened. Quality of the selected studies was assessed by using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.
resultsOf the 239 articles retrieved in the initial search, 18 studies fulfilled the selection criteria. India and Thailand have produced the highest number of studies (17% each, n = 3). The majority were comparative cross-sectional studies (72%, n = 13). Overall the quality of the selected studies was fair regardless of few drawbacks such as reporting of sample size and the lack of adjustment for confounders. Microscopic agglutination test (67% - 12/18) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (50% - 9/18) were commonly used for the confirmation of leptospirosis and the measurement of cytokines respectively. IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α levels were found to be significantly higher in severe than in mild leptospirosis. There were equivocal findings on the association between IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10/TNF-α ratio and disease severity.
conclusionsLeptospirosis had a wide-range of elevated cytokines. However, prospective studies in-relation to the onset of the symptom are required to better understand the pathophysiology of cytokine response in leptospirosis.
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Registered trials
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