Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32260538›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020

Use of Virtual Reality for the Management of Anxiety and Pain in Dental Treatments: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Nansi López-Valverde, Jorge Muriel Fernández, Antonio López-Valverde, Luis F Valero Juan, Juan Manuel Ramírez, Javier Flores Fraile, Julio Herrero Payo, Leticia A Blanco Antona, Bruno Macedo de Sousa, Manuel Bravo

Retracted 2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReviewRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05083988 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Virtual Reality Distraction Versus Audio Distraction on Anxiety and Pain Reduction in Children Undergoing Dental Treatment (A Randomized Clinical Trial)

TypeinterventionalSponsorCairo UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled44ConditionsDental AnxietyArmsvirtual reality glasses, music
NCT05585905 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Virtual Reality on the Behavior of Pediatric Dental Patients During Dental Sealant Application.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Southern CaliforniaRan2023 to 2024Enrolled20ConditionsBehavior, Child, Anxiety, DentalArmsVirtual Reality, Basic Behavior Guidance Techniques
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nansi López-ValverdeDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4168-3085
Jorge Muriel FernándezDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Antonio López-ValverdeDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-4784-1870
Luis F Valero JuanDepartment of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio S/N, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Juan Manuel RamírezDepartment of Morphological Sciences, University of Cordoba, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
Javier Flores FraileDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1338-0551
Julio Herrero PayoDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Leticia A Blanco AntonaDepartment of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Bruno Macedo de SousaInstitute for Occlusion and Orofacial Pain Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Polo I - Edifício Central Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-7833-4607
Manuel BravoDepartment of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Facultad de Odontología, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5508-561X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDental treatments often cause pain and anxiety in patients. Virtual reality (VR) is a novel procedure that can provide distraction during dental procedures or prepare patients to receive such type of treatments. This meta-analysis is the first to gather evidence on the effectiveness of VR on the reduction of pain (P) and dental anxiety (DA) in patients undergoing dental treatment, regardless of age.

methodsMEDLINE, CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, Wiley Library and Web of Science were searched for scientific articles in November 2019. The keywords used were: "virtual reality", "distraction systems", "dental anxiety" and "pain". Studies where VR was used for children and adults as a measure against anxiety and pain during dental treatments were included. VR was defined as a three-dimensional environment that provides patients with a sense of immersion, transporting them to appealing and interactive settings. Anxiety and pain results were assessed during dental treatments where VR was used, and in standard care situations.

results31 studies were identified, of which 14 met the inclusion criteria. Pain levels were evaluated in four studies (

conclusionsThe findings of the meta-analysis show that VR is an effective distraction method to reduce pain and anxiety in patients undergoing a variety of dental treatments; however, further research on VR as a tool to prepare patients for dental treatment is required because of the scarcity of studies in this area.

Indexed as

dental anxietydistraction systemspainvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID32260538
PMCPMC7231096

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.