ReviewJournal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Suprachoroidal Delivery of Viral and Nonviral Gene Therapy for Retinal Diseases.
Review in Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Road towards Gene Therapy for X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Gene Therapy in Cell-Based and Rodent Models of XLRS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of combined topical nepafenac 0.3% with suprachoroidal injection of triamcinolone acetonide using a modified custom needle in pseudopkakic cystoid macular edema.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Trial
- Deep-sequencing-guided library screening and profiling of AAV capsids in the primate retina.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Gene Therapy Strategies for Uveal Melanoma: Adeno-associated Virus Delivery Challenges and Translational Opportunities.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Modalities of vision restoration in optic neuropathies and retinal disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2026Review
- Gene therapy induces pigmentation in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium of OCA1A patients and albino rat eye.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Synthesis and characterization of an injectable telechelic material for the epiretinal delivery of retinal gene therapies.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026Article
- Advances in RPGR gene therapy for X‑linked retinitis pigmentosa: From preclinical insights to clinical application (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Anatomically Guided Non-Viral CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery in the Eye: Overcoming Barriers for Precision Gene Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Interspecies scaling of suprachoroidal drug delivery using ocular geometry and drug physicochemical properties.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Evaluation of the Suprachoroidal Space for Stem Cell Delivery in Retinal Degeneration.Stem cells international · 2026Article
- Laser photocoagulation improves the transduction efficiency of lentivirus vectors injected intravitreally.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Preclinical evaluation of AL-001, a gene therapy for wet age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Review
- Surgical Approaches to Retinal Gene Therapy: 2025 Update.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Suprachoroidal Delivery of Viral and Nonviral Vectors for Treatment of Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Diseases.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Gene therapy in neovascular age related macular degeneration: an update.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Gene Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema: An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Gene therapy for choroideremia: progress, potential and pitfalls.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retinal gene therapy is a rapidly growing field with numerous clinical trials underway, and route of delivery is a critical contributor to its success. Subretinal administration, which involves pars plana vitrectomy in the operating room, offers targeted delivery to retinal-pigment epithelium cells and photoreceptors. Due to the immune-privileged nature of the subretinal space, the risk of an immune reaction against viral capsid antigens is minimized, an advantage of subretinal administration in patients with preexisting neutralizing antibodies. Intravitreal administration, with fewer procedure-related complications, is challenged by potential immune response and incomplete vector penetration through the internal limiting membrane. However, novel vectors, optimized by "directed evolution" may address these issues. Nonsurgical in-office suprachoroidal gene delivery offers the potential for greater surface-area coverage of the posterior segment compared to focal subretinal injection, and is not hindered by the internal limiting membrane. However, the vector must pass through multiple layers to reach the targeted retinal layers, and there is a risk of immune response. This review highlights recent developments, challenges, and future opportunities associated with viral and nonviral suprachoroidal gene delivery for the treatment of chorioretinal diseases. While ocular tolerability and short-term effectiveness of suprachoroidal gene delivery have been demonstrated in preclinical models, durability of gene expression, long-term safety, potential systemic exposure, and effective delivery to the macula require further exploration. Although the safety and efficacy of suprachoroidal gene delivery are yet to be proven in clinical trials, further optimization could facilitate nonsurgical in-office suprachoroidal gene therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.