Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32255486›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021

Investment Case for a Comprehensive Package of Interventions Against Hepatitis B in China: Applied Modeling to Help National Strategy Planning.

Shevanthi Nayagam, Polin Chan, Kun Zhao, Elisa Sicuri, Xiaochun Wang, Jidong Jia, Lai Wei, Nick Walsh, Lance E Rodewald, Guomin Zhang and 14 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. [Recent advances in epidemiology, prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in China].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.

Shevanthi NayagamSection of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Polin ChanWorld Health Organization China office, Beijing, China.
Kun ZhaoChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
Elisa SicuriHealth Economics Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Xiaochun WangNational Center for AIDS Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Jidong JiaLiver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lai WeiPeking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China.
Nick WalshWorld Health Organization regional office for the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines.
Lance E RodewaldWorld Health Organization China office, Beijing, China.
Guomin ZhangNational Immunization Programme, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Wang AilingNational Center for Women and Children's Health, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Lan ZhangWorld Health Organization China office, Beijing, China.
Joo H ChangChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
WeiWei HouChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
Yingpeng QiuChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
Binyan SuiChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
Yue XiaoChina National Health Development Research Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China.
Hui ZhuangDepartment of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
M R ThurszSection of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Fabio ScanoWorld Health Organization China office, Beijing, China.
Daniel Low-BeerWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Bernhard SchwartländerWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Yu WangChina Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Timothy B HallettMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London,UK.
National Health and Family Planning Commission · CNLondon Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research · GBPeking University · CNWorld Health Organization · CHBarcelona Institute for Global Health · ESBeijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control · CNBeijing Friendship Hospital · CNImperial College London · GBNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,China CDC · CNNational Center for Women and Children’s Health, China CDC · CNWorld Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific · PH

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_19012Medical Research Council MR/L002086/1Medical Research Council MR/R015600/1World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn 2016, the first global viral hepatitis elimination targets were endorsed. An estimated one-third of the world's population of individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection live in China and liver cancer is the sixth leading cause of mortality, but coverage of first-line antiviral treatment was low. In 2015, China was one of the first countries to initiate a consultative process for a renewed approach to viral hepatitis. We present the investment case for the scale-up of a comprehensive package of HBV interventions.

methodsA dynamic simulation model of HBV was developed and used to simulate the Chinese HBV epidemic. We evaluated the impact, costs, and return on investment of a comprehensive package of prevention and treatment interventions from a societal perspective, incorporating costs of management of end-stage liver disease and lost productivity costs.

resultsDespite the successes of historical vaccination scale-up since 1992, there will be a projected 60 million people still living with HBV in 2030 and 10 million HBV-related deaths, including 5.7 million HBV-related cancer deaths between 2015 and 2030. This could be reduced by 2.1 million by highly active case-finding and optimal antiviral treatment regimens. The package of interventions is likely to have a positive return on investment to society of US$1.57 per US dollar invested.

conclusionsIncreases in HBV-related deaths for the next few decades pose a major public health threat in China. Active case-finding and access to optimal antiviral treatment are required to mitigate this risk. This investment case approach provides a real-world example of how applied modeling can support national dialog and inform policy planning.

Indexed as

Hepatitis BHepatitis B, ChronicAntiviral AgentsChinaHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B virusHumansAntiviral AgentsHepatitis B Vaccinesantiviral treatmentChinahepatitis Binvestment casemodeling

Identifiers

PMID32255486
PMCPMC7935389
OpenAlexW3014638556

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.