Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32253732›Full record

ArticleNeurocritical care2020

Early Initiation of Oral Antihypertensives Reduces Intensive Care Unit Stay and Hospital Cost for Patients with Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Zhu Zhu, Matthew Bower, Sara Stern-Nezer, Steven Atallah, Dana Stradling, Leonid Groysman, Cyrus K Dastur, Yama Akbari, Wengui Yu

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Neurocritical care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Code Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Quality Improvement Pilot Study.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhu ZhuDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Matthew BowerDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Sara Stern-NezerDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Steven AtallahDepartments of Pharmacy, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Dana StradlingDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Leonid GroysmanDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Cyrus K DasturDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Yama AkbariDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Wengui YuDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206E, Orange, CA, 92868, USA. wyu@hs.uci.edu.
University of California, Irvine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectiveIntravenous nicardipine infusion is effective for rapid blood pressure control. However, its use requires hemodynamic monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with high hospital cost. This study aimed to examine the effect of early versus late initiation of oral antihypertensives on ICU length of stay (LOS) and cost of hospitalization in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

methodsThis is a single-center retrospective study of patients with hypertensive ICH treated with nicardipine infusion from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017. Patients were dichotomized into study and control groups, based on receiving oral antihypertensives within 24 h versus after 24 h of emergency department arrival. Baseline characteristics, duration of nicardipine infusion, LOS in the ICU and hospital, functional outcome at discharge, and hospital cost were compared between the two groups using univariate and multivariate analysis.

resultsA total of 90 patients in the study group and 76 in the control group were identified. There was no significant difference in demographics, past medical history, and initial SBP between the two groups. After adjusting for confounding factors with multivariate regression models, early initiation of oral antihypertensives was associated with significant reductions in duration of nicardipine infusion (55.5 ± 60.1 vs 121.6 ± 141.3 h, p <0.005), nicardipine cost ($14,207 vs $29,299, p < 0.01), ICU LOS (2 vs 5 days, p < 0.005), and cost of hospitalization ($24,564 vs $47,366, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in adversary renal events, favorable outcomes, and mortality between the two groups.

conclusionsEarly initiation of oral antihypertensives is safe and may have a significant financial impact on patients with hypertensive ICH.

Indexed as

Intensive Care UnitsAdministration, OralAgedAntihypertensive AgentsEarly Medical InterventionFemaleFunctional StatusHospital CostsHumansHypertensionInfusions, IntravenousIntracranial Hemorrhage, HypertensiveLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedNicardipineAntihypertensive AgentsNicardipineCostFunctional outcomeHypertensionIntracerebral hemorrhageLength of stayNicardipine

Identifiers

PMID32253732
OpenAlexW3014533346

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.