ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2020
A Survey of the Presence of Pharmaceutical Residues in Wastewaters. Evaluation of Their Removal using Conventional and Natural Treatment Procedures.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incorporating a Screening-Level Risk Quotient (RQ_screen) for Assessing Human Health Risk of Pharmaceutical Residues in Consumption Water.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Literature Review: Evaluation of Drug Removal Techniques in Municipal and Hospital Wastewater.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Review
- Observed Prevalence and Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sustainable strategies for hospital wastewater treatment: bioremediation, phytoremediation, and hybrid approaches for emerging pollutants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Natural Silicates Encapsulated Enzymes as Green Biocatalysts for Degradation of Pharmaceuticals.ACS ES&T water · 2024Article
- Progressive Biocatalysts for the Treatment of Aqueous Systems Containing Pharmaceutical Pollutants.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Ultrafiltration Membranes System: A Proposal to Remove Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater.Membranes · 2022Article
- Long-Term Performance of a Hybrid-Flow Constructed Wetlands System for Urban Wastewater Treatment in Caldera de Tirajana (Santa Lucía, Gran Canaria, Spain).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- ImmobilizedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Review on the Application of Zeolites and Mesoporous Silica Materials in the Removal of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Antibiotics from Water.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Sample Preparation to Determine Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in an All-Water Matrix: Solid Phase Extraction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Article
- Review
- Special Issue "Pharmaceutical Residues in the Environment".Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To encourage the reutilization of treated wastewaters as an adaptation strategy to climate change it is necessary to demonstrate their quality. If this is ensured, reclaimed waters could be a valuable resource that produces very little environmental impact and risks to human health. However, wastewaters are one of the main sources of emerging pollutants that are discharged in the environment. For this, it is essential to assess the presence of these pollutants, especially pharmaceutical compounds, in treated wastewaters. Moreover, the different treatment processes must be evaluated in order to know if conventional and natural treatment technologies are efficient in the removal of these types of compounds. This is an important consideration if the treated wastewaters are used in agricultural activities. Owing to the complexity of wastewater matrixes and the low concentrations of pharmaceutical residues in these types of samples, it is necessary to use sensitive analytical methodologies. In this study, the presence of 11 pharmaceutical compounds were assessed in three different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Gran Canaria (Spain). Two of these WWTPs use conventional purification technologies and they are located in densely populated areas, while the other studied WWTP is based in constructed wetlands which purify the wastewaters of a rural area. The sampling was performed monthly for two years. A solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was applied for the analysis of the samples, and the 11 pharmaceuticals were detected in all the studied WWTPs. The concentrations were variable and ranged from ng·L
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.