ArticleClinical and experimental pediatrics2020
Comparison of diagnostic and treatment guidelines for undescended testis.
Article in Clinical and experimental pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does the contralateral testicular volume decide the need for diagnostic laparoscopy in cases of unilateral impalpable undescended testis?BMC urology · 2024Trial
- Intra-abdominal Testicular Torsion: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Optimizing Care for Undescended Testicles in Children and Adolescents-Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Impact of Congenital Anomalies of the Male and Female Reproductive Organs on Infertility and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Risk factors and a predictive model for testicular atrophy after laparoscopic orchiopexy in children.Pediatric surgery international · 2026Article
- Age at diagnosis of undescended testis and associated factors in pediatric patients in a tertiary hospital.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Intra-abdominal testicular teratoma complicated by torsion: A case report.Urology case reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Current landscape of fertility induction in males with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Mitochondrial Dynamics as Potential Modulators of Hormonal Therapy Effectiveness in Males.Biology · 2023Review
- Are we still too late? Timing of orchidopexy.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Dilemma on Indonesian adult with micropenis during COVID-19 pandemic: A case report and review article.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Comparative study of testicular volume in children with unilateral cryptorchidism of different ages in the tropical province of China.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Testicular Tissue Banking for Fertility Preservation in Young Boys: Which Patients Should Be Included?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Undescended testis: importance of a timely referral to a surgical specialist.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2020Article
- Void Scrotum and Packed Perineum: A Case Report.Journal of medical ultrasoundArticle
- The role of laparoscopy in non-palpable undescended testicle: Analysis and review of the experience from two cities in Sudan.African journal of paediatric surgery : AJPSArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is the single most common genitourinary disease in male neonates. In most cases, the testes will descend spontaneously by 3 months of age. If the testes do not descend by 6 months of age, the probability of spontaneous descent thereafter is low. About 1%-2% of boys older than 6 months have undescended testes after their early postnatal descent. In some cases, a testis vanishes in the abdomen or reascends after birth which was present in the scrotum at birth. An inguinal undescended testis is sometimes mistaken for an inguinal hernia. A surgical specialist referral is recommended if descent does not occur by 6 months, undescended testis is newly diagnosed after 6 months of age, or testicular torsion is suspected. International guidelines do not recommend ultrasonography or other diagnostic imaging because they cannot add diagnostic accuracy or change treatment. Routine hormonal therapy is not recommended for undescended testis due to a lack of evidence. Orchiopexy is recommended between 6 and 18 months at the latest to protect the fertility potential and decrease the risk of malignant changes. Patients with unilateral undescended testis have an infertility rate of up to 10%. This rate is even higher in patients with bilateral undescended testes, with intra-abdominal undescended testis, or who underwent delayed orchiopexy. Patients with undescended testis have a threefold increased risk of testicular cancer later in life compared to the general population. Self-examination after puberty is recommended to facilitate early cancer detection. A timely referral to a surgical specialist and timely surgical correction are the most important factors for decreasing infertility and testicular cancer rates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.