ArticleCornea2020
Ocular Clinical Signs and Diagnostic Tests Most Compatible With Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca: A Latent Class Approach.
Article in Cornea, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines on clinical approach, diagnosis, and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Comparative Utility of Tear Film and Ocular Surface Parameters in Differentiating Sjögren's Disease Dry Eye From Non-Sjögren's Dry Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Article
- Diagnostic methods for managing dry eyes.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- Predictors of Discordance Between Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs: Insights From the Sjögren's International Collaborative Clinical Alliance.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Sjögren's Versus Non-Sjögren's Ocular Features: Similar Symptoms, But Significantly Worse Signs.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Impact of Clinician Subjectivity on the Assessment of Dry Eye Disease Prevalence in a UK Public Health Care Patient Population.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Clinical relationship between dry eye disease and uveitis: a scoping review.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2023Article
- Reduced tear thrombospondin-1/matrix metalloproteinase-9 ratio can aid in detecting Sjögren's syndrome etiology in patients with dry eye.Clinical and translational science · 2022Article
- Salivary and Lacrimal Gland Alterations of the Epidermal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (E-FABP) in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Ocular Manifestations Related to Antibodies Positivity and Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Rheumatological Cohort.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Outcomes of Sjögren's versus non-Sjögren's related dry eye in a longitudinal, tertiary clinic-based sample.PloS one · 2021Observational
- Mouse Models of Sjögren's Syndrome with Ocular Surface Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Ocular Surface Potential Difference Measured in Human Subjects to Study Ocular Surface Ion Transport.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Ocular Signs and Testing Most Compatible with Sarcoidosis-Associated Uveitis: A Latent Class Analysis.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the ocular signs and tests for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in the absence of a gold standard.
methodsCross-sectional study of participants from the Sjögren's International Collaborative Clinical Alliance (SICCA) registry. Participants had oral/ocular/rheumatologic examinations, blood/saliva samples collected, and salivary gland biopsy. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified clusters of patients based on 3 to 4 predictor variables relating to signs or tests of KCS. The resulting model-based "gold standard" classification formed the basis for estimated sensitivity and specificity associated with these predictors.
resultsA total of 3514 participants were enrolled into SICCA, with 52.9% classified as SS. LCA revealed a best-fit model with 2 groups. For the gold standard-positive group, an abnormal tear breakup time, ocular staining score (OSS), and Schirmer I had a sensitivity of 99.5%, 91.0%, and 47.4%, respectively. For the gold standard-negative group, an abnormal tear breakup time, OSS, and Schirmer I had a specificity of 32.0%, 84.0%, and 88.5%, respectively. OSS components (fluorescein and lissamine staining), exhibited a sensitivity of 82.6% and 90.5%, respectively, in the gold standard-positive group, whereas these signs in the gold standard-negative group had a specificity of 88.8% and 73.0%, respectively.
conclusionsOSS and its components (fluorescein and lissamine staining) differentiated 2 groups from each other better than other KCS parameters and had relatively high sensitivity and specificity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.