Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32249970›Full record

ArticleAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2020

The use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in patients with a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in the US is infrequent and inconsistent.

Chris E Forsmark, Gong Tang, Hongzhi Xu, Marie Tuft, Steven J Hughes, Dhiraj Yadav

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Observational
  6. Observational
  7. Clinical Practice Update on the Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Management of Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency: Expert Review.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Review
  8. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.EClinicalMedicine · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Chronic and Idiopathic Pancreatitis-A Personalized Treatment Approach.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Validity and Diagnostic Ability of Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency Questionnaire in Turkish Patients.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2024
    Article
  16. Patient-reported use of pancreatic enzyme replacement treatment (PERT) in pancreatic cancer in New Zealand and Australia: a cross-sectional survey study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Nutrition in Pancreatic Diseases: A Roadmap for the Gastroenterologist.GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology · 2024
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Chris E ForsmarkDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2508-1543
Gong TangDepartment of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Hongzhi XuDepartment of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Marie TuftDepartment of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Steven J HughesDepartment of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Dhiraj YadavDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
University of Florida · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USUniversity of Florida Health · USUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center · US

Funding

UPMC Clinical Center for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis and DiabetesU01DK108306 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Frederico G. S. Toledo, Dhiraj Yadav · 2015 to 2026
$6.4M
U-01 CONSORTIUM FOR THE STUDY OF CHRONIC PANCREATITIS,DIABETES AND PANCREATIC CANCER CLINICAL CENTERSU01DK108320 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI CUSI, KENNETH, FORSMARK, CHRISTOPHER E · 2015 to 2024
$4.6M
NCI NIH HHS UO1DK108306NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK108306NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK108320
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer commonly develop exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and may not be adequately treated with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT).

aimsTo estimate the frequency of diagnostic testing for exocrine insufficiency, and appropriate use of PERT, in a commercially insured population in the US.

methodsWe utilised a nationally representative administrative database representing 48.67 million individuals in over 80 US healthcare plans to assess testing for and treatment of exocrine insufficiency in patients who received a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (n = 37 061) or pancreatic cancer (n = 32 461) from 2001 to 2013. We identified the details of any testing for exocrine insufficiency and PERT use. We defined appropriate PERT use as a dosage of ≥120 000 USP units of lipase daily. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors of appropriate use of PERT.

resultsIn patients with chronic pancreatitis, 6.5% had any testing for exocrine insufficiency, 30.4% filled a prescription for PERT, and 8.5% were prescribed an adequate dose. In those with pancreatic cancer, 1.9% had testing for exocrine insufficiency, 21.9% filled a prescription for PERT, and 5.5% were prescribed an adequate dose. Number of comorbidities, testing for exocrine insufficiency, pancreatic surgery and duration of enrolment were independent predictors for use and appropriate dosing.

conclusionsTesting for exocrine insufficiency, and appropriate dosing of PERT in patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer, is infrequent and inconsistent in an insured US population. Efforts are needed to educate medical providers on the best practices for managing exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in these patients.

Indexed as

AdultAgedEnzyme Replacement TherapyExocrine Pancreatic InsufficiencyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPancreatic NeoplasmsPancreatitis, Chronic

Identifiers

PMID32249970
PMCPMC7299155
OpenAlexW3015186277

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.