ArticleCancer medicine2020
Toxicity and efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery for brain metastases in melanoma patients treated with immunotherapy or targeted therapy-A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESMO-ESTRO consensus statements on the safety of combining radiotherapy with EGFR, ALK, or BRAF/MEK inhibitors.ESMO open · 2026Pooled it
- Safety of radiosurgery concurrent with systemic therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and/or immunotherapy) in brain metastases: a systematic review.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Awake mapping-guided salvage resection for local recurrence or radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy for brain metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Post-SRS haemorrhage and oncological outcome of patients with melanoma brain metastases undergoing stereotactic radiotherapy.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025Article
- Review
- The Role of Radiotherapy in the Management of Melanoma Brain Metastases: An Overview.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Gastric cancer with brain metastasis: from molecular characteristics and treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Concomitant radiosurgical and targeted oncological treatment improves the outcome of patients with brain metastases from gastrointestinal cancer.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2023Article
- Article
- Immunotherapy: an emerging modality to checkmate brain metastasis.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Stereotactic Radiosurgery as Treatment for Brain Metastases: An Update.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2023Review
- Shaping the Future of Immunotherapy Targets and Biomarkers in Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Cutaneous Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Treatment of Intracranial Tumors With Stereotactic Radiosurgery: Short-Term Results From Cuba.Cureus · 2022Article
- Long-Term Survival after Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy with a Micro-Multileaf Collimator for Brain Metastasis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Melanoma Brain Metastases: An Update on the Use of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Molecularly Targeted Agents.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2022Review
- Article
- Defining unique clinical hallmarks for immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Review
- Salvage Surgical Resection after Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Newly Diagnosed Brain Metastasis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2021Article
- Article
- The clinical relevance of laboratory prognostic scores for patients with radiosurgically treated brain metastases of non-pulmonary primary tumor.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew safety data of concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery and targeted therapy (TT) or immunotherapy (IT) are available. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of melanoma patients with brain metastases (MBM) after Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) in relation to IT/TT.
methodsWe evaluated 182 MBM patients, who were treated with GKRS in the modern radiosurgical and oncological era.
resultsThe median time between the initial melanoma diagnosis and occurrence of MBM was 2.4 years. The median overall survival time was 5.4 years after melanoma diagnosis. The estimated median survival after the initial diagnosis of MBM was 1.0 year (95% CI = 0.7-1.2 years). Patients treated with anti-PD-1 or a combination of anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 showed a significantly longer survival after first GKRS compared to all other forms of treatment. In addition, patients treated with anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, or a combination of anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 showed a significantly longer time to new MBM after GKRS1 compared to patients treated with other forms and combinations of the oncological therapy. The occurrence of hemorrhage or radiation reaction/necrosis after GKRS did not show any statistically significant differences in relation to IT/TT.
conclusionIn MBM patients, complications after GKRS are not significantly increased if IT/TT treatment is performed at the time of or after radiosurgery. Further, a clear benefit in distant control and survival is seen in MBM patients treated with GKRS and checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, concomitant treatment of MBM with GKRS and IT/TT seems to be a safe and powerful treatment option although further prospective studies should be conducted.
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