ArticleDiabetologia2020
GAD-alum immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes expands bifunctional Th1/Th2 autoreactive CD4 T cells.
Article in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intralymphatic glutamic acid decarboxylase administration in type 1 diabetes patients induced a distinctive early immune response in patients with DR3DQ2 haplotype.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Long-Term GAD-alum Treatment Effect on Different T-Cell Subpopulations in Healthy Children Positive for Multiple Beta Cell Autoantibodies.Journal of immunology research · 2022Trial
- Antigen-specific immunotherapies for autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Application and Progression of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Complications.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Review
- Physiological and pathogenic T cell autoreactivity converge in type 1 diabetes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The application of predictive value of diabetes autoantibody profile combined with clinical data and routine laboratory indexes in the classification of diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Fucoidan alleviated autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by regulating pancreatic autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR1/TFEB pathway.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2024Article
- Peptide-based immunotherapy in lupus: Where are we now?Rheumatology and immunology research · 2023Review
- Monitoring islet specific immune responses in type 1 diabetes clinical immunotherapy trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The need and benefit of immune monitoring to define patient and disease heterogeneity, mechanisms of therapeutic action and efficacy of intervention therapy for precision medicine in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells reactivity in recent-onset type I diabetes patients is directed against the leader peptide of preproinsulin, GAD65Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Alterations of Cytokine Profiles in Patients With Recurrent Implantation Failure.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Nine residues in HLA-DQ molecules determine with susceptibility and resistance to type 1 diabetes among young children in Sweden.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Insights From Single Cell RNA Sequencing Into the Immunology of Type 1 Diabetes- Cell Phenotypes and Antigen Specificity.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes: Past Experiences and Future Opportunities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Combined vitamin D, ibuprofen and glutamic acid decarboxylase-alum treatment in recent onset Type I diabetes: lessons from the DIABGAD randomized pilot trial.Future science OA · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisAntigen-specific therapy aims to modify inflammatory T cell responses in type 1 diabetes and restore immune tolerance. One strategy employs GAD65 conjugated to aluminium hydroxide (GAD-alum) to take advantage of the T helper (Th)2-biasing adjuvant properties of alum and thereby regulate pathological Th1 autoimmunity. We explored the cellular and molecular mechanism of GAD-alum action in the setting of a previously reported randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted by Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet.
methodsIn the clinical trial conducted by Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet, participants were immunised with 20 μg GAD-alum (twice or three times) or alum alone and peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were banked at baseline and post treatment. In the present study, GAD-specific T cell responses were measured in these samples and GAD-specific T cell lines and clones were generated, which were then further characterised.
resultsAt day 91 post immunisation, we detected GAD-specific IL-13 CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationGAD-alum immunisation activates and propagates GAD-specific CD4 T cells with a distinctive bifunctional phenotype, the functional analysis of which might be important in understanding therapeutic responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.