ReviewInternational journal of clinical oncology2020
Rationale of combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment.
Review in International journal of clinical oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Significance of PD-L1 Expression In Patients With Primary Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Optimizing the Treatment Schedule of Radiotherapy Combined With Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- A Bayesian phase I/II design to determine subgroup-specific optimal dose for immunotherapy sequentially combined with radiotherapy.Pharmaceutical statistics · 2023Trial
- SingleInternational journal of oncology · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Blockade Enhances the Abscopal Effect of [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Macrophages in oncoviral infections: from immune regulators to therapeutic targets.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Review
- Innovative immunotherapy approaches: harnessing synergy of dual checkpoint blockade in oncology.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Brain radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases: a retrospective study.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- SLC25A11-mediated reprogramming of mitochondrial redox state and lipid peroxidation confers NRF2-dependent ferroptosis resistance in biliary tract cancer.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- Association of Combined Iodine-125 Seed Implantation and Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab with Improved Outcomes in Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatectomy: A Comparative Retrospective Analysis.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- The activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with recurrent cervical cancer developed in previously irradiated field: clinical and immunohistochemical investigations.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2026Article
- The effects of brain radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy and chemotherapy for driver gene-negative non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of external beam radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-L1 inhibition in a preclinical syngeneic head and neck cancer model.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Phase 1b Study of Dazostinag plus Pembrolizumab after Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Patients with Select Advanced Solid Tumors.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- Clinical efficacy of anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody HFC-L1/c4G12 in dogs with malignant tumors: an exploratory study.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2025Article
- Radiation-Induced Immune Responses from the Tumor Microenvironment to Systemic Immunity.Cancers · 2025Review
- Prognostic risk factors and a survival prediction model for immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis in patients with lung cancer: a multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Significant technological advances in radiotherapy have been made in the past few decades. High-precision radiotherapy has recently become popular and is contributing to improvements in the local control of the irradiated target lesions and the reduction of adverse effects. Accordingly, for long-term survival, the importance of systemic cancer control, including at non-irradiated sites, is growing. Toward this challenge, the treatment methods in which anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies that exert systemic effects by restoring anti-tumour immunity are combined with radiotherapy has attracted attention in recent years. Previous studies have reported the activation of anti-tumour immunity by radiotherapy, which simultaneously elevates PD-L1 expression, suggesting a potential for combination therapy. Radiotherapy induces so-called 'immunogenic cell death', which involves cell surface translocation of calreticulin and extracellular release of high-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB-1) and adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, radiotherapy causes immune activation via MHC class I upregulation and cGAS-STING pathway. In contrast, induction of immunosuppressive lymphocytes and the release of immunosuppressive cytokines and chemokines by radiotherapy contribute to immunosuppressive reactions. In this article, we review immune responses induced by radiotherapy as well as previous reports to support the rationale of combination of radiotherapy and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies. A number of preclinical and clinical studies have shown the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibition, hence combination therapy is considered to be an important future strategy for cancer treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.