ArticleJournal of neurology2020
Routine diagnostics for neural antibodies, clinical correlates, treatment and functional outcome.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Criteria to Guide Antineuronal Antibody Testing for People With Early and Persistent Psychosis Attending Mental Health Services.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Antineuronal antibody titres in autoimmune encephalitis: clinical implications for diagnosis and long-term immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: Defining a Distinct Epilepsy Syndrome.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- LGI1 encephalitis: potentially complement-activating anti-LGI1-IgG subclasses 1/2/3 are associated with the development of hippocampal sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Autoimmunity After Aseptic Meningitis: A Report of 2 Cases.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Canine idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome, immune-mediated?Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Anti-NMDA Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis: Diagnosis and Management Strategies.International journal of general medicine · 2023Review
- Seizure Semiology in Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- The LGI1 protein: molecular structure, physiological functions and disruption-related seizures.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Rituximab Treatment and Long-term Outcome of Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis: Real-world Evidence From the GENERATE Registry.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- MOG antibody-associated encephalitis secondary to Covid-19: case report.BMC neurology · 2021Article
- Comparison of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody assays using live or fixed substrates.Journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Are Antibody Panels Under-Utilized in Movement Disorders Diagnosis? Yes.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2021Article
- Seizures associated with antibodies against cell surface antigens are acute symptomatic and not indicative of epilepsy: insights from long-term data.Journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Neural Autoantibodies in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis, First-Episode Psychosis, and Healthy Volunteers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Recurrent Anti-AMPA Receptor Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Neuronal Surface Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis Patients in a National Cohort.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Investigation of the presence of specific neural antibodies in dogs with epilepsy or dyskinesia using murine and human assays.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
19 authors at 17 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine frequencies, interlaboratory reproducibility, clinical ratings, and prognostic implications of neural antibodies in a routine laboratory setting in patients with suspected neuropsychiatric autoimmune conditions.
methodsEarliest available samples from 10,919 patients were tested for a broad panel of neural antibodies. Sera that reacted with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1), contactin-associated protein-2 (CASPR2), or the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex were retested for LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies by another laboratory. Physicians in charge of patients with positive antibody results retrospectively reported on clinical, treatment, and outcome parameters.
resultsPositive results were obtained for 576 patients (5.3%). Median disease duration was 6 months (interquartile range 0.6-46 months). In most patients, antibodies were detected both in CSF and serum. However, in 16 (28%) patients with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies, this diagnosis could be made only in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The two laboratories agreed largely on LGI1 and CASPR2 antibody diagnoses (κ = 0.95). The clinicians (413 responses, 71.7%) rated two-thirds of the antibody-positive patients as autoimmune. Antibodies against the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), NMDAR (CSF or high serum titer), γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor (GABABR), and LGI1 had ≥ 90% positive ratings, whereas antibodies against the glycine receptor, VGKC complex, or otherwise unspecified neuropil had ≤ 40% positive ratings. Of the patients with surface antibodies, 64% improved after ≥ 3 months, mostly with ≥ 1 immunotherapy intervention.
conclusionsThis novel approach starting from routine diagnostics in a dedicated laboratory provides reliable and useful results with therapeutic implications. Counseling should consider clinical presentation, demographic features, and antibody titers of the individual patient.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.