ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Why Do Women Not Use the Bathroom? Women's Attitudes and Beliefs on Using Public Restrooms.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- A mixed-methods scoping review on bladder self-care practices in women with and without lower urinary tract symptoms.Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Toileting and Bladder Health in the Gig Economy.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2025Article
- Under-Investigated and Underestimated: Disparities in Toilet and Sanitation Insecurity in a Sample of United States Adults.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2025Article
- Association of workplace toilet access with urinary tract symptoms and productivity loss among female workers.Industrial health · 2025Article
- Associations Between U.S. Women's Toileting Behaviors and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of RISE for HEALTH Study Data.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Predicting Restroom Dirtiness Based on Water Droplet Volume Using the LightGBM Algorithm.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Social Vulnerability Is Associated With Worse Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women.Urology · 2025Article
- Privy by the Bay: Emerging hotspot analysis of 311 reports of human/animal waste near San Francisco Pit Stop locations, 2009-2022.PloS one · 2025Article
- Impaired kidney function among young healthcare workers with long working hours and night work.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2024Article
- Identifying occupational health inequities in the absence of suitable data: are there inequities in access to adequate bathrooms in US workplaces?Occupational and environmental medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- A multisite focus group study of US adult women's beliefs and assumptions about bladder health and function.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2022Article
- Gender and Patient Satisfaction in a Veterans Health Administration Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2022Article
- Compensatory bladder behaviors ("coping") in women with overactive bladder.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2022Article
- Real-time daily assessment of work interference on healthcare professionals' restroom use: A pilot study.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2021Article
- The Development of a Public Bathroom Perception Scale.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There are a variety of factors and influences, both internal and external, that may impact an individual's public toileting experience and may ultimately have repercussions for bladder health. This study sought to identify predominant constructs underlying a women's attitude towards using restrooms at work, at school, and in public in order to develop a conceptual model incorporating these themes. We performed a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional, survey-based study that included open-ended questions about limitations to restroom use using a mixed-methods approach. Qualitative data coding and analysis was performed on 12,583 quotes and, using an iterative inductive-deductive approach, was used to construct the conceptual framework. Our conceptual framework reveals a complicated interplay of personal contexts, situational influences, and behavioral strategies used by women to manage their bladder and bowel habits away from home. These findings can inform future research and public policy related to bladder health awareness related to toilet access in the workplace and in public.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.