ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Age Is a Determining Factor of Dry Eye-Related Signs and Symptoms.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Evolving Landscape of Dry Eye Disease Risk Factors: A Comparative Analysis of the TFOS DEWS II (2017) and DEWS III (2025) Reports.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Reconsidering the Role of Age in Tear Film Instability: Real-World Evidence From a Specialized Dry Eye Clinic.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- A Revised Concept for Ocular Surface Imprinting: Easy-to-Use Device for Morphological and Biomolecular-Based Differential Diagnosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring gender-related clinical and immunological profiles in Sjögren's disease in a Chinese cohort.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Influence of Lifestyle Factors on Ocular Surface Parameters in Relation to Age.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Obesity, body fat distribution and eye diseases.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2024Review
- Presbyopia, Dry Eye, and Retinal Thickness in the Middle-Aged Population: Focusing on Sex Differences.Clinical optometry · 2024Article
- Klotho Null Mutation Indirectly Leads to Age-Related Lacrimal Gland Degeneration in Mutant Mice.Biology · 2023Article
- THE EFFECT OF PALPEBRAL FISSURE HEIGHT IN PRIMARY GAZE POSITION ON TEAR FILM STABILITY.Acta clinica Croatica · 2023Article
- Simultaneous real-time analysis of tear film optical quality dynamics and functional visual acuity in dry eye disease.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2023Article
- Article
- The ocular symptoms and signs during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2022Article
- Utilizing Baidu Index to Investigate Seasonality, Spatial Distribution and Public Attention of Dry Eye Diseases in Chinese Mainland.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Vision through Healthy Aging Eyes.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Editorial of Special Issue "Differential Diagnosis for Dry Eye".Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The ocular surface immune system through the eyes of aging.The ocular surface · 2021Review
- Sleep and subjective happiness between the ages 40 and 59 in relation to presbyopia and dry eye.PloS one · 2021Article
- Does Orthokeratology Wearing Affect the Tear Quality of Children?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Strip Meniscometry Correlates With Ocular Surface Tests and Symptoms.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe reported signs and symptoms of dry eye (DE) have been discordant. This study evaluated risk factors of DE-related symptoms and signs to explore their association with patient demographics, focusing on the age factor.
methodsThe study enrolled 704 consecutive patients visiting general eye clinics who complained of ocular discomfort, but had normal vision. The patients were asked about the presence of six common symptoms related to DE and, tear break-up time (TBUT). The severity of patients' keratopathy was also examined, and patients underwent Schirmer's test.
resultsLogistic regression analysis demonstrated that younger age (≤29 years) was associated with non-visual symptoms and keratopathy, while older age (≥60 years) was associated with short TBUT and low values on Schirmer's test. Middle age was associated with both severe symptoms and signs.
conclusionsDiscrepancies in the signs and symptoms of DE may depend, in part, on age, with younger subjects showing severe non-visual symptoms with apparently normal tear function and severe keratopathy, and older subjects showing fewer symptoms and less severe keratopathy despite worse tear function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.