ArticleJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2021
The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model.
Article in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spreading depolarization: A wave that precedes and drives cerebral ischemic cell death-Target for neuroprotection.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Dual role of spreading depolarization in an epileptic focus.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Cortical spreading depolarizations in stroke: Mechanisms, neuroprotective interventions, and monitoring techniques.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Hemodynamic and Electrophysiological Progression of the Rose Bengal Photothrombotic Stroke Model in Mice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Spreading depolarizations exhaust neuronal ATP in a model of cerebral ischemia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Contralesional hippocampal spreading depolarization promotes functional recovery after stroke.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Similarities in the Electrographic Patterns of Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Brain Death After Aneurysmal and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Anesthetics in pathological cerebrovascular conditions.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2025Review
- Brain-to-blood transport of fluorescein in vitro.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Effects of Intranasal Administration of Resveratrol on the Rat Model of Brain Ischemia.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Isoflurane lowers the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and prevents hypoxia during cortical spreading depolarizationJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Ketamine-induced prevention of SD-associated late infarct progression in experimental ischemia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Memantine inhibits cortical spreading depolarization and improves neurovascular function following repetitive traumatic brain injury.Science advances · 2023Article
- Article
- Stroke-prone salt-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats show higher susceptibility to spreading depolarization (SD) and altered hemodynamic responses to SD.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Concussion susceptibility is mediated by spreading depolarization-induced neurovascular dysfunction.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Questioning Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Acute Brain Damage: The Importance of Spreading Depolarization.Neurocritical care · 2022Article
- Article
- Migraine Aura, Transient Ischemic Attacks, Stroke, and Dying of the Brain Share the Same Key Pathophysiological Process in Neurons Driven by Gibbs-Donnan Forces, Namely Spreading Depolarization.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spreading depolarization (SD) and seizures are pathophysiological events associated with cerebral ischemia. Here, we investigated their role for injury progression in the cerebral cortex. Cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized male Wistar rats using the photothrombosis (PT) stroke model. SD and spontaneous neuronal activity were recorded in the presence of either urethane or ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, cerebral perfusion, and cellular damage were assessed through a cranial window and repeated intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium salt and propidium iodide until 4 h after PT. Neuronal injury and early lesion volume were quantified by stereological cell counting and manual and automated assessment of ex vivo T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Onset SDs originated at the thrombotic core and invaded neighboring cortex, whereas delayed SDs often showed opposite propagation patterns. Seizure induction by 4-aminopyridine caused no increase in lesion volume or neuronal injury in urethane-anesthetized animals. Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia was associated with a lower number of onset SDs, reduced lesion volume, and neuronal injury despite a longer duration of seizures. BBB permeability increase inversely correlated with the number of SDs at 3 and 4 h after PT. Our results provide further evidence that ketamine may counteract the early progression of ischemic injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.