ArticleMicrobiome2020
Gut microbiota from persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder affects the brain in mice.
Article in Microbiome, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Comorbidities
Feasibility, Safety and Tolerability of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Adolescent Population With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fecal microbiota transplantation from psychiatric patients to mice - systematic review of methodologies and a call for standardization.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The application value of Rs-fMRI-based machine learning models for differentiating mild cognitive impairment from Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.Psychosomatic medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Gut microbiome alterations are sex-dependently associated with brain abnormalities in a mouse model of Neurofibromatosis type I.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome composition and predicted functions relate to growth and behavior in a Japanese preschool cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Gut-Brain Connection: Deciphering Causal Pathways Between Gut Microbiota and Neuroimaging Profiles Through Mendelian Randomization.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Human-like associations between gut microbiome composition and inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in dogs.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Gut Microbiota and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants: Mechanistic Insights and Prospects for Clinical Translation.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Bidirectional crosstalk between the gut microbiota and cellular compartments of brain: Implications for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Longitudinal and Concurrent Changes in Brain and Gut due to Morphine Self-Administration.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- Identifying novel metabolites in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder through metabolome profiling.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Gut-immune-brain interactions during neurodevelopment: from a brain-centric to a multisystem perspective.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- Annual Research Review: Micronutrients and their role in the treatment of paediatric mental illness.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- A narrative review of research advances in gut microbiota and microecological agents in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe impact of the gut microbiota on host physiology and behavior has been relatively well established. Whether changes in microbial composition affect brain structure and function is largely elusive, however. This is important as altered brain structure and function have been implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders, like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We hypothesized that gut microbiota of persons with and without ADHD, when transplanted into mice, would differentially modify brain function and/or structure. We investigated this by colonizing young, male, germ-free C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice with microbiota from individuals with and without ADHD. We generated and analyzed microbiome data, assessed brain structure and function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and studied mouse behavior in a behavioral test battery.
resultsPrincipal coordinate analysis showed a clear separation of fecal microbiota of mice colonized with ADHD and control microbiota. With diffusion tensor imaging, we observed a decreased structural integrity of both white and gray matter regions (i.e., internal capsule, hippocampus) in mice that were colonized with ADHD microbiota. We also found significant correlations between white matter integrity and the differentially expressed microbiota. Mice colonized with ADHD microbiota additionally showed decreased resting-state functional MRI-based connectivity between right motor and right visual cortices. These regions, as well as the hippocampus and internal capsule, have previously been reported to be altered in several neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, we also show that mice colonized with ADHD microbiota were more anxious in the open-field test.
conclusionsTaken together, we demonstrate that altered microbial composition could be a driver of altered brain structure and function and concomitant changes in the animals' behavior. These findings may help to understand the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota contributes to the pathobiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Video abstract.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.