Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32236892›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2020

Purifying selection shaping the evolution of the Toll-like receptor 2 TIR domain in brown hares (Lepus europaeus) from Europe and the Middle East.

Milomir Stefanović, Mihajla Djan, Nevena Veličković, Yasin Demirbaş, Ladislav Paule, Csongor István Gedeon, Annika Posautz, Christoph Beiglböck, Anna Kübber-Heiss, Franz Suchentrunk

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Article in Molecular biology reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 59% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mitochondrial Phylogeography of Wild Boars,Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

Milomir StefanovićDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. milomir.stefanovic@dbe.uns.ac.rs.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6294-3782
Mihajla DjanDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Nevena VeličkovićDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Yasin DemirbaşFaculty of Science and Arts, University of Kırıkkale, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
Ladislav PauleFaculty of Forestry, Technical University, Zvolen, Slovakia.
Csongor István GedeonInstitute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Annika PosautzResearch Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Christoph BeiglböckResearch Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Anna Kübber-HeissResearch Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Franz SuchentrunkResearch Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna · ATUniversity of Novi Sad · RSInstitute for Soil Sciences · HUKırıkkale University · TRTechnická univerzita vo Zvolene · SK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins of the innate immune system, composed of the ectodomain involved in pathogen recognition and the intracellular Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain important for downstream signal transduction. Here, we analyze the genetic variability of TIR nucleotide and amino-acid sequences of the TLR2 gene in 243 brown hares from Europe and the Middle East and tested for the presence of selection signals and spatial structuring. TLR2 TIR domain sequences were PCR amplified and sequenced, while genotyping was performed by phasing. Genetic diversity indices were calculated in DnaSP and Arlequin, while presence of selection signals was tested using MEGA and the Datamonkey web server. The presence of spatial patterns in TIR sequence distribution was tested by spatial Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) in adegenet. A total of 13 haplotypes were revealed with haplotype diversity of 0.424, and nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00138. Two spatial clusters were revealed: "Anatolia/Middle East" and "Europe". In Anatolia the two most prevalent amino-acid variants, A and B (the latter being the most ancestral) were maintained at similar frequencies; but in Europe a shift in genotype frequencies was observed as well as a higher number of nonsynonymous substitutions giving rise to novel amino-acid protein variants originating from the evolutionarily younger protein variant. Molecular diversity (haplotype and nucleotide diversity) indices were significantly higher in the "Anatolia/Middle East" cluster. A signal of purifying selection was detected acting on the TIR sequences.

Indexed as

AllelesAnimalsBiological EvolutionEuropeEvolution, MolecularGenetic VariationGenotypeHaplotypesHaresMiddle EastPhylogenySelection, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNAToll-Like Receptor 2Toll-Like ReceptorsToll-Like Receptor 2Toll-Like ReceptorsBrown haresInnate immunityLepusNegative selectionPhylogeographyToll-like receptor

Identifiers

PMID32236892
OpenAlexW3014836953

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.