ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2020
Serum calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and vitamin D in benign essential blepharospasm.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Drone pupae extract enhances Hanwoo myosatellite cell function for cultivated meat production.Journal of animal science and technology · 2025Article
- Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Patients with Solar Retinopathy.Beyoglu eye journal · 2025Article
- The Role of Serum Vitamin and Mineral Levels in Benign Essential Blepharospasm: A Comparative Study.Beyoglu eye journal · 2025Article
- Vitamin D, the Vitamin D Receptor, Calcitriol Analogues and Their Link with Ocular Diseases.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Serum Metabolomics of Benign Essential Blepharospasm Using Liquid Chromatography and Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aims to compare serum calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and 25-hydroxy (OH)-vitamin D levels in patients with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and healthy subjects and to determine their association with disease severity and frequency.
methodsThis is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Fifty patients (female, 39; male, 11) with BEB and 22 healthy subjects (female, 15; male, 7) included in the study. Serum calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels of BEB and healthy groups were measured. Blepharospasm severity and frequency were assessed using scales ranging from 0 to 4 by following the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS).
resultsThough there was no significant difference regarding magnesium, phosphorus, and 25(OH)-vitamin D levels between the two groups, serum calcium levels of the BEB group were significantly lower than the control group (9.5 ± 0.4 and 9.9 ± 0.4 mg/dl, respectively; P = 0.002), although in the normal range (9-10.5 mg/dl). In the BEB group, the mean Jankovic severity and frequency scores were 3.29 ± 0.54 and 3.59 ± 0.61, respectively. There was a moderate negative correlation between serum 25(OH)-vitamin D levels and Jankovic severity score (r = - 0.332; P = 0.022).
conclusionSerum calcium levels of the BEB group were significantly lower than the healthy group. Serum vitamin D levels showed a moderate negative correlation with disease severity. The role of calcium and vitamin D in the evolution of the BEB need further investigation at the cellular and anatomical levels.
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